$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Coastal=qirg’oq bo’yidagi


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Bog'liq
CAMB6-10

He will not confirm or deny the allegations .
[ + that ] Neil denies that he broke the window, but I'm sure he did.
[ + -ing verb ] Neil denies break ing the window.

Branch=shox


Watch out for overhanging branches
Bare/leafy/flowering branches

Twig=shoxcha,butoq


We collected dry twigs to start the fire

Root=tomir


Coat=teri,yung


These dogs have thick shiny coats
Predator=yirtqich hayvon
The lack of a shell leaves the larvae unprotected against predators

Beak=tumshuq


Trunk=hartum


Fur =jun

Hide=teri
Ox hide gloves
Boots made from buffalo hide

Scales=tangachalar


Feathers=patlar

Paw=panja


I found paw prints in the kitchen
The dog hurt its paw

Claw=panja tirmogi(hayvon)


Thorn=tikan,tikanak


A long,low hedge of thorns

Petal=gulbarg


the flower has seven petals

Horn=shox


Semi-arid=yarim quruq


Semi-arid climate/area

Woodland=daraxtzor


These ancient woodland are under threat from new road developments

Burrow=kovak,uya


Manmade=odam tomonidan qilingan


Den=uya,in


A bear’s/lion’s den

Snail=shilliq qurt


Rodent=kemiruvchi


The rodent burrowed its way into the sand

Tulip=lola


Daisy=dastorgul


Weed=yovvoyi o’t


The yard was overgrown with weeds
A chemical weedkiller can be used to kill persistent weeds

Cultivate=yer haydamoq


The land around here has never been cultivated
Most of the land there is too poor to cultivate

Shrub=buta


Tender shrubs don’t grow well here

Bush=buta


An animal was moving in the bushes

Arid=juda quruq


Nothing grows in these arid regions

Tropical


subtropical

Endimic=juda kop uchraydigan


There is endemic poverty/violence in many of the country’s cities
Malaria is endemic in many hot countries

Native=o’sha yerga mansub


The horse is not native to America -it was introduced by the Spanish
Singapore has many native species of palm

Pesticide=zararkunandalarga dori


Some weeds have developed resistence to agricultural pesticides
The pesticides that farmers spray on their crops kill pests but they can also damage people’s health

Pest=zararkunanda


Plant/garden pests

Prickly=tikanli


Pear=nok

Prickly pear=cho’lda o’sadigan o’simlik


Spineless forms of preickly pear have been selected

Divider=bo’luvchi devor/parda


A curtain acted as a divider between this class and another

Paddock=o’tar,qo’ra


Render=biror holatga tuwirmoq,sabab bo’lmoq


Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake
Unusable=ishlatib bo’lmaydigan,yaroqsiz
The paint was so old it was unusable
The damage rendered the building unusable

Eradicate=tag tomiri bilan yoq qilmoq,yoq qilmoq


It has been eradicated in the US

Catastrophic=fojiali,halokatli


An unchecked increase in the use off fossil fuels could have catastrophic results for the planet
Catastrophic effects/losses/results

Hectare=gektar


Introduced animals=moslashtirilgan

Eradicate=tag-tomiri bilan yo’q qilmoq,ildizi bilan quritmoq


Diphtheria has been virtually eradicated in the United States

Similarly=bir xilda


Husband and wife were similarly successful in their chosen careers
The children were similarly dressed

Disastrous=fojiali,falokatli


It was a disastrous start to the season for the team
Such a war would be disastrous for the country

Extinct=yo’q bo’lib ketgan ,qirilib ketgan


Many jobs have become extinct with the advent of computers
Servants are now almost extinct in the modern society

Endargered=xavf ostida qolgan


Pandas are an endangered species
The health of our children is being endangered by exhaust fumes

Vulnerable=nimjon,nozik


Old people are particularly vulnerable to the flu
She looked very vulnerable standiing there on her own

Genetically=irsiyat tomonidan,irsiy


Modify=o’zgartirmoq,moslashtirmoq


Controversial=baxs-munozarali,mojaroli


A highly controversial issue/topic/decision

Regard-etibor,diqqat,hurmat ehtirom


He has no regard for other people’s feeling’s

Repercussion=yomon tasir,salbiy natija=negative affect


The collapce of the company will have repercussions for the whole industry

Regard=etibor ,diqqat,pisand


Social services should pay proper regard to the needs of inner-city areas

Fruit and vegetables=crops


Changed so that their genes are different=genetically modified


Totally stop=eradicate


Farming=agriculture


Small animals like flies and caterpillars=insects


Chemicals to kill these animals=pesticides


Earth that plants grow=soil


Vegetation=plants


Living space=habitat

Stop being killed by=become resistant to


Way plants and animals live and grow together=ecological balance


At the risk of sth=endangered


Agriculture


Agricultural
agriculturally

Ecology
Ecological


Ecologically

Evolution=taraqqiyot


Evolutionary=evolutsiya bila bog’liq
Some scients have rejected evolutionary theory
Evolve=rivojlantirmoq
Business need to evolve rapidly

Extinction=yo’qolib ketish


Many species of plants and animals are danger of with extinction

Extinct=yo’q bolib ketgan


Become extinct


Nature=tabiat


Genetics/genes=gen


Genetic=genetik,irsiy


There are about 4000 inherited human genetic diseases
Genetically

Catastrophe=falokat,fojia


Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe
They were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come



  1. REACHING FOR THE SKIES

Astronout=astranavt
Sending astronauts into space

Commercial=savdo-sotiqqa oid


He is a specialist in commercial law
She is developing the commercial side of the organization

Explorer=tadqiqotchi,kashf qiluvchi


Early explorers traded directly with Native Americans for furs
Magellan was a famous sixteenth-century explorer

Launch=boshlamoq,yo’lga qo’ymoq,ommaga havola etmoq


To lounch an appeal/an inquiry/an investigation/a campaign
The company hopes to lounch the new drug by the next October

Simulator=haqiqqiysiga o’xshash moslama


People learning to fly often practise on a flight simulator

Weightlessness=vaznsizlik


Facility=qulaylik,shart-sharoit


The hotel has excellent leisure facilities
Shopping/banking/cooking facilities

Acclimatize=iqlimga ko’nikmoq


Arrive two days early in order to acclimatize

Propel=itarmoq,yurgizmoq,harakatga keltirmoq


He succeeded in propelling the ball across the line

Suborbital=


Excess=ortiqchalik,oshib ketish


An excess of enthusiasm is not always a good thing

Re-entry=qaytib kirmoq,qayta kirmoq


Ten minutes later he re-entered the hotel

Actual=asl,haqiqiy


It looks quite small but the actual height is 5metres
Her actual words were much stronger

Go through=undergo


Rotate=aylantirmoq,aylanmoq


The satellite slowly rotates as it circles the earth
Rotate the wheel through 180 degres

Crater
Asteroid


Substantial=ulkan,ko’p,katta


Their share of the software market is substantial
Substantial numbers of people support the reforms

Sustain=(yashash ucun kkli narsa bn)taminlamoq


Which planet can sustain life?

Gravitational pull=gravitatsional tortishish kuchi


Continual=to’xtovsiz,uzluksiz,tuganmas


I’m sorry -I can’t work with these continual interruptions

Shuttle=transport


I am flying to Boston on the shuttle
A shuttle service between London and Edinburgh

Composition=tarkib,qism


Some minerals have complex chemical compositions
The composition of the atmosphere

Simulate=haqiqiysiga o’xshatmoq


In cheap furniture ,plastic is often used to simulate wood
Atmosphere
Atmospheric

Cosmos
Cosmic


Galaxy
Galactic


Gravity
Gravitational


Horizon
Horizontal


Moon
Lunar


Meteor
Meteoric


Sun
Solar


Star
Stellar


A stellar explosion
Stellar light

Earth
Terresirial=quruqlikdagi


A terresireal habitat
Terrestrial life

Universe
Universal


Eclipce=tutilish


On Wednesday there will be a total/partial eclipse of the sun

Manned=odamlar tomonidan boshqariladigan


In thirty years from now the united States should have a manned spacecraft on Mars

Crew=ekipaj,ekipaj azolari


The aircraft has/carries a crew of sevem

Shield=to’siq,himoyalovchi to’siq


The gunman used the hostages as a human shield
Water is not an effective shield against the sun’s more harmful rays

Debris=falokat qoldig’I


Emergency teams are still clearing the debris from the plane crash
Several people were injured by flying debris in explosion

Uninhabited=odam yashamaydigan


They landed on an uninhabited island off the coast

Scramble=shoshilib -moq


Issue=malum qilmoq,elon qilmoq


The school issued a statement about its plans to press

Recover=topmoq


Police only recover a very small percentage of stolen goods

Frontier=chegara


They lived in a town close to the frontier

Conquer=bosib olmoq,egallab olmoq


The romans had conquered most of Europe

So-called=qo’shtirnoq ichidagi,o’zicha….deb nomlangan


The so-called experts couldn’t tell ud what was wrong

Vast=juda ulkan/ko’p


A vast area of forest
A vast crowd
Our dog eats a vast amount of food each day

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