1 What is comparative typology and types of it?

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1.Intonation is a part of suprasegmental phonology. Intonation helps to recognize the language that you hear in the same way. That is why “Intonation” is the melody or music of a language. It consists of a number of components and comparing languages have adifference in the number of these components. For instance:In english Components of intonation: Pitch, sentence stress, Rhythm. Beside that 2types of intonation in English: Rising and falling.Intonation is primarily a matter of variation in the pitch of the voice. In such languages as English, it is often accompanied by stress and rhythm to produce meaning. (Tone is also a form of pitch modulation, but the term describes the use of pitch to differentiate words and grammatical categories.)In many languages, including English, intonation distinguishes one type of phrase or sentence from another.

2.A syllable is a part of a word that contains a single vowel sound and that is pronounced as a unit. So, for example, ' book' has one syllable, and ' reading' has two syllables.A syllable is a single, unbroken sound of a spoken (or written) word. Syllables usually contain a vowel and accompanying consonants. Sometimes syllables are referred to as the 'beats' of spoken language.There are 4 types if syllable: open, closed, semi open and semi closed. .
3. Nevertheless, the definition as “the study of the sounds of a language” is not sufficient in modern linguistics. Nowadays phonetics is a “science which studies the phonetic substance and the expression area of the language, or otherwise a physical media of a language (sounds, syllables, stress, and intonation. The term of phonology (Greek phone - sound, logos – science). It studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. It deals with the sounds systems of a language by treating phoneme as the point of departure. With another word, phonetics deals with sounds and phonology dealswith phonemes. Or else phonology deals with language sounds and phonetics deals with human speech sounds.Phonetics and phonology have two levels: segmental and suprasegmental.
4.When phonemes are pronounced in words, they change their place of articulation or their features, this process is called assimilation. Dissimilation is the process by which one of two similar or identical sounds in a word becomes less like the other, such as the / in English marble (from French marbre).
5. Comparative typology is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural and functional features. Its aim is to describe and explain the common properties and the structural diversity of the world's languages. Comparative typology is one of the branches of General Linguistics, which studies the systems of languages comparatively, also finds common laws of languages and establishes differences and similarities between. The comparison may be of two types: substantialand non-substantial.Under substantial comparison, linguists mean comparison of some concrete things or objects, e.g. sounds, digits, numbers, etc. Under non-substantial comparison, linguists mean comparison of systems and their elements.