15. Population geography plan
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15. POPULATION GEOGRAPHY Plan: 1.Object and subject of the science of geography of akholi 2.The purpose of the science of geography of akholi 3.Demographic differences Base words:demography, geodemography, anthropology, language families, birth, death, natural reproduction The population is understood as a group of people living in a certain territory. The population and its economic activities have been of interest to the subject of geography at all times. With the decision of economic geography in the structure of Geographical Science, interest in this issue increased especially. It was not for nothing. Because the task of economic geography is to study the laws of the territorial location of the productive forces. The population, on the other hand, is the main productive force of any society. All the wealth necessary for the life of society is created as a result of human labor. Labor weapons, raw materials, fuel and other additional materials involved in the production process are moved only due to human hands, human labor. Human labor is the most advanced part of the production process. Thus, the population is, first of all, the main subject of production. He is the main force that creates all material goods. In the process of development, along with the personal consumption of the population, the population itself is repeatedly built up – generations of people are brought up and brought up. Therefore, in the Geographical Study of the population, it is necessary to pay attention to the following: 1. The population is a subject of production, the producer of all material goods. 2. Manufacturer of a certain part of the total social products produced. 3. The population is an important component of the entire process of social reproduction, and it is necessary to repeat itself. Without studying such characteristics inherent in the population, it is difficult to analyze and deal with any economic and geographical problem in depth. Similarly, scientists consider population geography as a branch of economic geography. The territorial location of the population is associated with the location and structure of the national economy, and, on the contrary, the location of the population, in turn, directly affects the development and placement of the farm. The activity of the population in these regions, depending on the specialty and level of development of the economy of different countries and districts, may vary. Geography of the population occupies a special place among one branch of economic geography. Because the population, as the main productive force and consumer of manufactured products, actively participates in all production areas, is directly involved in all personnel and processes itself, which is studied by economic geography. Consequently, an important place is given to all other branches of economic geography. Otherwise, all the features of the geography of the corresponding farm network may remain completely undiscovered. Because one of the most important tasks of the modern science of constructive geography is the study of natural conditions, economic, population interaction and the dynamic structure of the territory that arises in the process of these relations in different countries and districts. The population is the most advanced component of such terrestrial dynamic structures that arise in different parts of the globe. Geography of the population – studies regional differences in the composition, dynamics and location of the population, the laws that give rise to these differences, the territorial structures of settlements and the laws of their development. Population geography also studies the movement of the population by the globe and on the scale of certain countries and districts. Such important theoretical issues are the interaction between nature and society, as well as the Basic Laws of the development of society. Only the Economic Laws of society can correctly and fully explain the features of the development and territorial location of the national economy of different countries in different historical periods. This, in turn, makes it possible to understand the main characteristics of the population listed above. Forms of territorial settlement of the population are one of the important concepts of population geography. The forms of territorial settlement of the population are understood not only as the settlement of the population in different settlements of the population, but also as its distribution over the entire territory, the process of mastering the territory. This important process is determined by the territorial forms of social reproduction. And this is an important law of geography of the population. From this circumstance comes the need to historically approach the events in which the geography of the population is studying. The territorial distribution and location of the population is also influenced by natural conditions. But natural conditions are influenced indirectly, that is, through production. Because the use of the same natural conditions for economic purposes, consequently, the influence of natural conditions on the territorial settlement of the population will be different in the conditions of a different social system, at different levels of technical progress. Another concept of population geography – the division of the population into functional groups is also carried out on the basis of production. The main branches of material production are the population working in industry, agriculture and transport, forming the first functional group. The second functional group of the population forms. The second functional group of the population is workers within the service. The scope of the service includes trade, education and health care. Those who do not participate in social production – children, pensioners, Housewives- make up the third group. Another law of population geography is that the more complete and completed the production complex of the territory, the more fully the resources of the mahnat are used, on the contrary, if production is unilaterally developed, significant deficiencies in the use of labor resources can occur. A number of laws have also been identified in the field of migration relations of the population. If the production specialty and natural conditions of the district where the CHunonchi population moved and moved with the Displaced District are similar or Close, migration turns out to be successful, if the migration is sharply different from each other, migration does not give a good result. Also everywhere the migratory movement from villages to cities gives a good result. We have only briefly summarized some of the basic laws and concepts of population geography. In the relevant sections of the manual, we will consider these issues in more detail. The geography of the population is divided into several areas: 1. To study the composition of the population and the geographical Crows in its reproduction and the cause of these FAQs. 2. Study of labor resources and geographical differences in their use. 3. The study of the territorial distribution of the population and its movement. 4. Settlement iva study of their territorial systems. In this direction of population geography, the geography of cities and the geography of rural settlements and the geography of rural settlements are formed, which separately study cities and rural settlements. 5. The study of geographical differences in the culture and lifestyle of the population and their causes. 6. Geography of the historical population. This direction studies the geography of the population of the deceased historical periods and is considered part of the historical geography. 7. Map-down of the population. The social economic system has a deep impact on all spheres of public life, including the social composition of the population and the living conditions of the working people. The geography of the population is able to serve especially well when it comes to better establishing local studies in schools. Students can study the village or district in which they live, neighboring villages or districts under the guidance of a student of Geography, their emergence and development, the organization of the population, its national composition and labor skills, among other aspects. 1. Before the "geography of the population" there are several important tasks: 2. First of all, about the population of our country and the population of foreign countries, their number and growth, the location of the territory, the geography of peoples, the problems of urban development depending on the conditions in different countries, etc. Provides a wide audience of readers with information, as well as organizations of interest for direct practical purposes. 3. The cultural requirements of our people and the relevant planning bodies can be satisfied by writing Special Books on the geography of the population of our country or foreign countries, writing textbooks and manuals, scientific books and brochures, writing special chapters of geographical works dedicated to the population of certain countries and districts. 4. The second important task is to continue working on theoretical issues of population geography. 5. The third task is to strengthen the research work of the geography of the population aimed at solving direct practical tasks. The geography of the population is adding to its worthy function in solving such problems as the planning of schools, trade enterprises, cultural institutions, cities and their plans in rural settlements, the implementation of issues of the full and rational use of labor resources as much as possible and the gradual termination of differences between the city and the village. 6. The relationship of geography of the population with other sciences is very broad and comprehensive. Because there are many disciplines and branches of science that pay great attention to issues related to the population. 7. Subjects that communicate or work in cooperation in the process of their own research of population geography can be conditionally divided into three groups: 1) the relationship of Geography Science with other branches. Through farm geography, it comes into contact with natural geography. Any production-under certain natural conditions and using various natural resources-arises and develops. The specialty and some other characteristics of the farm are largely determined by natural conditions. The links of population geography with medical geography are also developing rapidly. Geography of Medicine two Sciences arise at the border of medical and geographical sciences, IT studies the influence of Natural Science as well as the conditions of living and working in different districts on the health of the population, as well as the geographical distribution of certain diseases. The assessment of various districts from the point of view of the hygienic living conditions of the population, the provision of descriptions on the characteristics of nutrition, dressing are also among the important tasks of medical geography. Particularly important are the contacts and interaction of the geography of the service area with the geography of the population. Scope of Service geography studies the degree of development and the geographical distribution of the territorial location of the branches of the service sector, which serves all the extremes of the population. All the issues that the geography of the service area should study can be analyzed and evaluated only on the basis of detailed information about the population and settlements. That is why it first arose in the structure of the geography of the population, and the links between them are all the same. Geography of the population is also strongly associated with such directions of geography as the geography of emerging tourism, geography of consumption. It is in both directions that the number, age, gender composition of the population and other indicators are important. The connection between population geography and historical geography is that a special direction within the geography of the population of past historical periods – the geography of the historical population is engaged, and the direction is at the same time an integral part of historical geography. Like all branches and directions of Geographical Science, the population geography is associated with cartography by chanbarchars. In the geography of the population, special maps of the population and settlements are compiled, which are widely used. Because, the various indicators characteristic of the population and settlements, their territorial location and regional differences can be clearly demonstrated by mapping. 2) the second group of Sciences that are closely and comprehensively related to the geography of the population is the disciplines of demography and Ethnography. We divide the disciplines of demography and Ethnography into a separate group, due to which they, like population geography, study the population. Any of them studies the population from their point of view. But there are issues in which all three of these disciplines study, one using the materials of the other. Demography – grekcha – demos – consists of the words “people” and Graphia - “to describe”, is a science of the population. It studies the number, territorial location and composition of the population, the reasons for their change and this change, the relationship of socio-economic information with changes in the population with specific istedodes. Demography also reveals the laws of the reproduction of the population. Apparently, the issues studied by the geography of the population and demography are very close to each other. Population geography, therefore, makes extensive use of the information collected by demographic statistics that study demography and are destructive to the population. Demography, in turn, is also interested in the demographic process under study and geographical differences in indicators, and the reasons for which it differs. Thus, between the geography of the population and demography, a number of problems arise that need to be solved together, which are solved only by the direction that arose within the boundaries of these two Sciences – demogeography. Population geography is also associated with ethnography with chanbarchars. Ethnography – studies the marriage and culture, emergence and cultural-historical ties of peoples. Ethnography the ethnic unity of peoples is also interested in the geographical distribution of the seed, tribe, elat, Nation, peoples. Ethnography studies the issues of the geographical distribution of peoples. Ethnography can also be included in both ethnography and population geography at the same time, or rather, the direction in which they arose at the border. Thus, the relationship and cooperation of population geography with the disciplines of demography and ethnography is very close and extensive. It should be noted that the geography of the population studies the population in a deeper and more comprehensive way in relation to demography and Ethnography. Because, the geography of the population, when studying the population, deeply analyzes its relationship with the economy and nature, which determines the features of the formation of interaction and relationships in each district under study, explains the problems of population geography in this connection. 3) Anthropology is a science that studies the emergence of people, the evolution of the human organism and the laws of physical changes in it, as well as the emergence and geographical distribution of races. The main object of study of the geography of the population is not related to the differences in the labor activity, living conditions and culture of people, in the territorial forms of settlements. The direction in which the geography of the population studies labor resources and their use is closely related to the labor economy of Economic Science and the direction of its organization. In particular, geographers widely use certain applications of economists in the study of labor resources, such as the creation of a labor balance. But economists and geographers do not repeat each other's research in their study from labor resources. It is known that economists study issues such as labor productivity on the scale of certain enterprises or certain economic sectors. The main tasks of geographers are the territorial organization of labor resources and the evacuation of regional issues of their use. Finally, population geography works closely with a number of scientific and practical disciplines. Also, the geography of the population, taking into account the natural and economic conditions of each district, can give reasonable suggestions about the prospects for their development. The geography of the population, in turn, uses some applications of scientific and Applied Sciences. Scientists who have made a great contribution to beating the geography of akholi. The science of geography has long studied the population and the information that concerns it. For example: in the work of Varenius (Varenius), printed in the Netherlands in 1650, “general geigraphy”, many issues related to the population were included among the important problems that geography studies. Varenius divided geography into two large sections. Download 422.56 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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