18. Oral colon cancer targeting by chitosan nanocomposites

Table 18.5 Experimental studies of N-succinyl chitosan as antico- lon cancer drug nanocarrier

Candidate	Experiment	Remark	Reference
Fluorescent dyes ICG-	Hydrophobic fluorescent dyes ICG-Der-01 were entrapped into the N-succinyl-N^0- octylchitosan micelles to form the near-infrared absorbing dyes. Thermotherapy was combined with Ad-ERβ gene therapy to regress colon cancer in vivo Paclitaxel and gemcitabine loaded N-succinyl chitosan nanoparticles were prepared and subjected to anticancer activity testing in vitro by cell culture method	Combined administration of Ad-ERβ with micellar thermotherapy provides a promising colon cancer therapeutic treatment strategy. The treatment shows significantly inhibitory effects on the colon cancer compared with control group Binary drug combination exhibits a synergistic cytotoxicity against HT29 colon cancer cells with a remarkable G2/M phase arrest	[43]
Der-01 and
recombinant
adenoviruses
delivering the human ERβ gene (Ad-ERβ)
Paclitaxel and			[44]
gemcitabine

—
CD44) that influence the kinetics and mechanism of nanoparticle uptake, a strategy that can be exploited in oral colon-specific drug delivery for colon cancer treatment. It is worth to mention that chitosan molecular weight does not appear to greatly affect the efficiency of nanoparticle loading with drugs such as DNA. The chitosan molecular weight however significantly influences its chitosanase-triggered drug release tendency, with high molecular chitosan nanoparticles seemingly more prone to enzymatic degradation [49]. Table 18.7 summarizes the outcome of hyaluronic acid coupled chitosan as nanocarrier of anticancer therapeutics for colon cancer treatment.

9.