18. Why do we need currency exchange market?

21. Why do we need stock market? It is a place where shares of pubic listed companies are traded. The primary market is where companies float shares to the general public in an initial public offering (IPO) to raise capital.The stock market helps companies raise money to fund operations by selling shares of stock, and it creates and sustains wealth for individual investors. Companies raise money on the stock market by selling ownership stakes to investors. These equity stakes are known as shares of stock.
22. Why do we need bond market? The bond market refers broadly to the buying and selling of various debt instruments issued by a variety of entities. Corporations and governments issue bonds to raise debt capital to fund operations or seek growth opportunities. In return, they promise to repay the original investment amount, plus interest. The mechanics of buying and selling bonds works similarly to that of stocks or any other marketable asset, whereby bids are matched with offers.
23. Why do we need financial intermediaries? A financial intermediary is an entity that acts as the middleman between two parties in a financial transaction, such as a commercial bank, investment bank, mutual fund, or pension fund. A financial intermediary does not only act as an agent for other institutional units, but places itself at risk by acquiring financial assets and incurring liabilities on its own account (for example banks, insurance corporations, investments funds). Financial intermediaries provide a middle ground between two parties in any financial transaction. A prime example would be a bank, which serves many different roles: it acts as a middleman between a borrower and a lender, and pools together funds for investment.
24. Why do we need modern (practical) financial infrastructure? The financial infrastructure is the core in the financial system and is a precondition of its functioning. The financial infrastructure is made up of technical systems through which payments are made and transactions with financial instruments are handled. The financial infrastructure makes it possible for private households, companies and authorities to make and receive payments safely and efficiently. We must be able to rely on our payments getting through as inexpensively as possible. It also makes it possible to pay for and deliver shares, debt securities and other financial instruments traded on the financial markets.