Amount (kg/m3 (lb/yd3))
|
Percent by Weight
|
Portland Cement
|
712 (1,200)
|
28.5
|
Fine Sand
|
1020 (1,720)
|
40.8
|
Silica Fume
|
231 (390)
|
9.3
|
Ground Quartz
|
211 (355)
|
8.4
|
Superplasticizer
|
30.7 (51.8)
|
1.2
|
Accelerator
|
30.0 (50.5)
|
1.2
|
Steel Fibers
|
156 (263)
|
6.2
|
Water
|
109(184)
|
4.4
|
1 kg/tn3 = 1.686 lb/yd3
RDM — relative dynamic modulus (see p. 134)
Category D: Enclosed Aperture Collectors
The collectors of this category are necessarily differentiated from the conventional ones, since they include a type of translucent cover above the collecting area in their structure. Different configurations and materials like polymeric membranes or glass types have been developed for these collectors as an adaptation to certain regions of the world. More likely environments of implementation are strong winds, high rate of humidity and heavy air due to dust, sand or pollution. These conditions mean exhausting maintenance work of the collector's components and a significant drop of the performance due soiling layers in the reflectors and absorber tubes. Moreover resources like water could be less accessible in such an environment, for instance in a desert region in the Middle East. In fact these collectors could not be considered a technology of application, if it was not for their adapted solutions to the environment.
They also give an alternative perspective on the implementation of technology and contemplate the use of heat transfer fluids like air, steam and oil for different industrial processes that propose a significant saving of CO2 emissions.
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