A if the term vegetarian cannot be misleading

 
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serious business. He expressed practical ideas in a grinding tone of voice. In the blood-and-iron era of the 
11th century, he lived his greatest - and his worst - moments on the battlefield. His victory at the Battle of 
Hastings made England once more a part of Europe, as it had not been since the better days of the Roman 
Empire. After the Conquest, the Scandinavian influence on England began to give way to the political and 
cultural ideals of the Latin world. Besides feudalism and a new aristocracy, the Normans implanted in 
England much of their language, law, architecture, and social customs. The island kingdom was thus 
brought into the mainstream of medieval civilization. Englishmen participated in the Crusades, the reform of 
church and monastery, and other movements of the time. 
19. The primary purpose of this passage is to explain 
A) the nature of medieval warfare. 
B) the politics and culture of medieval England. 
C) the significance of the Norman Conquest. 
D) the strengths and weaknesses of William the Conqueror.
E) the struggles of Crusaders. 
20. By "The island kingdom" author refers to 
A) England 
B) Hastings 
C) Normandy 
D) Scandinavia
E) Senlac Hill 
21. It is implied in the passage that the Norman Conquest had results that 
A) advanced the civilization of England. 
B) restored England to her rightful place in the Roman Empire. 
C) turned England into a militaristic nation. 
D) unified church and state in England.
E) introduced military tactics 
Work tends to be associated with non-work-specific environments activities, and schedules. If asked what 
space is reserved for learning, many students would suggest the classroom, the lab or the library. What 
about the kitchen? The bedroom? In fact, any room in which a student habitually studies becomes a 
learning space, or a place associated with thinking. Some people need to engage in sports or other physical 
activity before they can work successfully. Being sedentary seems to inspire others. Although most classes 
are scheduled between 8:00 and 22:30, some students do their best work before the sun rises, some after it 
sets. Some need a less flexible schedule than others, while a very few can sit and not rise until their task is 
completed. Some students work quickly and efficiently, while others cannot produce anything without much 
dust and heat. 
22. The passage most likely appeared in 
A) a book on study skills. 
B) a newspaper article on college campuses. 
C) a book on research methods. 
D) a journal of international affairs. 
E) a booklet to introduce campus facilities. 
23. According to the author 
A) Students do not vary in their preference of location in which they study. 
B) Activities prior to a study session seem to be invariable from one learner to the other. 
C) Some learners do not want to be restricted to a strict schedule. 
D) The quality of a learning space plays a crucial role in success. 
E) Effective learning depends on cognitive strategies rather that setting. 
24. We can infer from the passage that 
A) Students should be allowed to determine their own working space and time.
B) Course schedules should be arranged in a manner that students begin learning before the sun rises. 

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