A popular tree in the state, Cherry also lends its name to many of the streets in Pennsylvania
Download 13.4 Kb.
|
Pennsylvania
A popular tree in the state, Cherry also lends its name to many of the streets in Pennsylvania. It also shares a name with Cherry Springs State Park, a state park in Potter North to south, the streets were Vine, Sassafras (now Race), Mulberry (now Arch), High (now Market), Chestnut, Walnut, Locust, Spruce, Pine, and Cedar (now South). Cherry Street arrived later, appearing in William Birch's 1800 Plan of Philadelphia between Sassafras and Mulberry Streets. A street name is an identifying name given to a street or road. In toponymic terminology, names of streets and roads are referred to as odonyms or hodonyms (from Ancient Greek ὁδός hodós 'road', and ὄνυμα ónuma 'name', i.e., the Doric and Aeolic form of ὄνομα ónoma 'name').[1] The street name usually forms part of the address (though addresses in some parts of the world, notably most of Japan, make no reference to street names). Buildings are often given numbers along the street to further help identify them. Odonymy is the study of road names. Names are often given in a two-part form: an individual name known as the specific, and an indicator of the type of street, known as the generic. Examples are "Main Road", "Fleet Street" and "Park Avenue". The type of street stated, however, can sometimes be misleading: a street named "Park Avenue" need not have the characteristics of an avenue in the generic sense. Some street names have only one element, such as "The Beeches" or "Boulevard". In the 19th and early 20th centuries, it was common when writing a two-part street name (especially in Britain) to link the two parts with a hyphen and not capitalise the generic (e.g. Broad-street, London-road). This practise has now died out. A street name can also include a direction (the cardinal points east, west, north, south, or the quadrants NW, NE, SW, SE) especially in cities with a grid-numbering system. Examples include "E Roosevelt Boulevard" and "14th Street NW". These directions are often (though not always) used to differentiate two sections of a street. Other qualifiers may be used for that purpose as well. Examples: upper/lower, old/new, or adding "extension". "Main Street" and "High Street" are common names for the major street in the middle of a shopping area in the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively. The most common street name in the US is "2nd" or "Second". There are 56 municipalities classified as cities in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Each city is further classified based on population, with Philadelphia being of the first class, Pittsburgh of the second class, Scranton of the second class A, and the remaining 53 cities being of the third class. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, also known as "The Keystone State," is about half the size of the United Kingdom. Rhode Island is the smallest U.S. state. It would fit more than 40 times in England. Most of the time, real estate developers actually hold most of the power in naming streets. They come up with a name and then submit it to the city for review. Different departments — such as the public works department — all comment on the street name. It is a public parcel of land adjoining buildings in an urban context, on which people may freely assemble, interact, and move about. A street can be as simple as a level patch of dirt, but is more often paved with a hard, durable surface such as tarmac, concrete, cobblestone or brick. Pennsylvania is one of America's north-eastern states with 4 seasons, lush Appalachian Mountains, 83,000 miles of river, and impressive fall colors. It's the country's hardworking labor force from the small Pennsylvanian towns that made America great, with their steelmaking, oil production, nuclear power, and farming. While Pittsburgh and Philadelphia offer urban environments loaded with entertainment options, much of Pennsylvania is made of up small towns and dense forest areas. The best places to live in Pennsylvania include Pittsburgh, West Chester, Stroudsburg, Bethlehem, as well as the Pocono Mountains region. The county seat of Camden County, Jersey, Camden is the nearest city to Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania is approximately 116,075 sq km, while New York is approximately 122,283 sq km, making New York 5% larger than Pennsylvania. Meanwhile, the population of Pennsylvania is ~12.7 million people (6.7 million more people live in New York). Parker, “America's smallest city,” is located along the scenic Allegheny River in Western Pennsylvania. The forested hills and clear streams and the natural beauty of the surrounding area provide residents and visitors alike with year-round outdoor recreation. Shtatdagi mashhur daraxt, Cherry Pensilvaniyadagi ko'plab ko'chalarga ham o'z nomini beradi. Shuningdek, u Cherry Springs shtat bog'i bilan o'z nomini baham ko'radi, Potter shimolidagi shtat bog'i janubdan janubga, ko'chalari Vine, Sassafras (hozirgi Race), Mulberry (hozirgi Arch), High (hozirgi bozor), kashtan, yong'oq, chigirtka, archa. , Pine va Sidar (hozirgi janub). Cherry Street keyinroq keldi, Uilyam Birchning 1800 yilgi Filadelfiya rejasida Sassafras va Mulberry ko'chalari o'rtasida paydo bo'ldi. Ko'cha nomi - ko'cha yoki yo'lga berilgan identifikatsiyalovchi nom. Toponimik terminologiyada koʻcha va yoʻl nomlari odonimlar yoki hodonimlar deb yuritiladi (qadimgi yunoncha ὁdos hodós «yoʻl» va ὄnyma ónuma «ism», yaʼni ὄónoma ning Dor va Aeolcha shaklidagi ὄón'dan). ] Ko'cha nomi odatda manzilning bir qismini tashkil qiladi (garchi dunyoning ba'zi qismlarida, xususan, Yaponiyaning aksariyat qismida manzillar ko'cha nomlariga ishora qilmaydi). Ko'pincha binolarni aniqlashga yordam berish uchun ko'cha bo'ylab raqamlar beriladi. Odonimiya yoʻl nomlarini oʻrganadi. Ismlar ko'pincha ikki qismli shaklda beriladi: o'ziga xos deb nomlanuvchi individual nom va umumiy deb nomlanuvchi ko'cha turining ko'rsatkichi. Masalan, "Main Road", "Fleet Street" va "Park Avenue". Ko'rsatilgan ko'cha turi ba'zan chalg'ituvchi bo'lishi mumkin: "Park Avenue" deb nomlangan ko'cha umumiy ma'noda xiyobonning xususiyatlariga ega bo'lishi shart emas. Ba'zi ko'cha nomlarida faqat bitta element mavjud, masalan, "Beeches" yoki "Boulevard". 19-asr va 20-asrning boshlarida ikki qismli koʻcha nomini yozishda (ayniqsa Britaniyada) ikki qismni defis bilan bogʻlash va umumiy soʻzni bosh harf bilan yozmaslik (masalan, Broad-street, London-road) keng tarqalgan edi. Bu amaliyot endi yo'q bo'lib ketdi. Ko'cha nomi shuningdek, yo'nalishni (sharqiy, g'arbiy, shimoliy, janubiy asosiy nuqtalar yoki NW, SH, SW, SE kvadrantlari) o'z ichiga olishi mumkin, ayniqsa tarmoq raqamlash tizimiga ega shaharlarda. Masalan, "E Ruzvelt bulvari" va "14th Street NW". Ushbu yo'nalishlar ko'pincha (har doim ham bo'lmasa ham) ko'chaning ikkita qismini ajratish uchun ishlatiladi. Shu maqsadda boshqa kvalifikatsiyalardan ham foydalanish mumkin. Misollar: yuqori/pastki, eski/yangi yoki "kengaytma" qo'shish. "Main Street" va "High Street" - mos ravishda Qo'shma Shtatlar va Buyuk Britaniyadagi savdo hududi o'rtasida joylashgan yirik ko'chaning umumiy nomlari. AQShda eng keng tarqalgan ko'cha nomi "2nd" yoki "Second". AQShning Pensilvaniya shtatida shaharlar sifatida tasniflangan 56 ta munitsipalitet mavjud. Har bir shahar aholi soniga qarab tasniflanadi, Filadelfiya birinchi sinfga, Pitsburg ikkinchi sinfga, Skranton ikkinchi sinfga va qolgan 53 shahar uchinchi sinfga kiradi. Pensilvaniya Hamdo'stligi, shuningdek, "Keystone State" nomi bilan ham tanilgan, Buyuk Britaniyaning yarmiga teng. Rod-Aylend AQShning eng kichik shtatidir. Bu Angliyada 40 martadan ko'proq mos keladi. Ko'pincha, ko'chmas mulk ishlab chiquvchilari ko'chalarni nomlashda katta kuchga ega. Ular nom o'ylab topishadi va keyin uni ko'rib chiqish uchun shaharga topshirishadi. Turli bo'limlar, masalan, jamoat ishlari bo'limi - barchasi ko'cha nomiga izoh beradi. Bu shahar sharoitidagi binolarga tutashgan jamoat er uchastkasi bo'lib, unda odamlar erkin to'planishlari, muloqot qilishlari va harakatlanishlari mumkin. Ko'cha oddiy axloqsizlik bilan qoplangan bo'lishi mumkin, lekin ko'pincha asfalt, beton, tosh yoki g'isht kabi qattiq va bardoshli sirt bilan qoplangan. Pensilvaniya Amerikaning shimoliy-sharqiy shtatlaridan biri bo'lib, 4 fasl, yam-yashil Appalachi tog'lari, 83 000 mil daryosi va ta'sirchan kuz ranglari bilan ajralib turadi. Bu Pensilvaniya shtatining kichik shaharlaridan kelgan mehnatkash ishchi kuchi Amerikani po'lat ishlab chiqarish, neft qazib olish, atom energiyasi va dehqonchilik bilan buyuk qilgan. Pitsburg va Filadelfiya o'yin-kulgi imkoniyatlari bilan to'ldirilgan shahar muhitini taklif qilsa-da, Pensilvaniyaning katta qismi kichik shaharchalar va zich o'rmon maydonlaridan iborat. Pensilvaniyada yashash uchun eng yaxshi joylar Pitsburg, G'arbiy Chester, Stroudsburg, Baytlahm, shuningdek, Pocono tog'lari mintaqasini o'z ichiga oladi. Jersi shtatidagi Camden okrugining okrug markazi Pensilvaniyaga eng yaqin shahardir. Pensilvaniya taxminan 116,075 kvadrat kilometrni tashkil etadi, Nyu-York esa taxminan 122,283 kvadrat kilometrni tashkil etadi, bu Nyu-Yorkni Pensilvaniyadan 5 foizga kattaroq qiladi. Shu bilan birga, Pensilvaniya aholisi ~ 12,7 million kishi (Nyu-Yorkda 6,7 million ko'proq odam yashaydi). Parker, "Amerikaning eng kichik shahri" G'arbiy Pensilvaniya shtatidagi Allegheny daryosi bo'yida joylashgan. O'rmonli tepaliklar va tiniq soylar va atrofdagi tabiiy go'zallik aholi va mehmonlarga yil davomida ochiq havoda dam olish imkonini beradi. Download 13.4 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling