A review on Internet of Things Based Smart Home

a) 1998 – Early 2000s: Smart home began to increase in
the early 2000s, different technologies, home networking, and 
other devices appeared, therefore smart home became a 
reasonable option and a viable technology for consumers. 
b) Today: Today’s smart home is more about security
and green life, and makes our life much easier than a decade 
ago, which helps to ensure that our home will not consume 
unnecessary energy and alert us of the intruders. 
c) The current trends: A smart home is composed of
lighting, air conditioning, household robot, home security 
monitoring, smoke detector, and home appliances, etc. These 
new intelligent systems provide the most advanced 
connectivity, control and security for your home. Connectivity 
and interactivity are driving the new way of family living and 
house management. For instance, the smart air conditioning 
system can predict the occupancy rate of the house through 
household sensors and tracking location data, so as to make 
intelligent operation decisions, and ensure that the indoor 
temperature can reach the comfort degree at the time of 
occupancy and achieve energy-saving when there is no one.The 
smart home can also help older people become more 
Partially supported by grant Talent Introduction Scientific Research Start-up Fund (YKJ201990), Nanjing Institute of Technology, China.
Partially supported by grant Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province(2020SJA0450), China. 
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2021 International Conference on Culture-oriented Science & Technology (ICCST)
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DOI 10.1109/ICCST53801.2021.00065
2021 International Conference on Culture-oriented Science & Technology (ICCST) | 978-1-6654-4254-1/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICCST53801.2021.00065
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independent and support their daily tasks, such as shopping, 
cooking, cleaning, laundry and medication reminder. 
Fig. 1. Internet of Things and Smart home. 
II.
L
ITERATURE 
R
EVIEW
1999 was an important year, the word "Internet of Things" 
was created by Kevin Ashton of MIT, and illustrated the 
potential of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tracking 
technology. In 2005, ITU (International Telecommunications 
Union) released a report, which integrated the two contents and 
formally put forward the concept of "Internet of Things", 
including the networking and application of all items. In 2008, 
the first international IoT conference was held in Zurich, 
Switzerland, at the same time, the number of IoT devices 
exceeded the number of people on earth. However, the usage of 
the IoT was really started not until 2015. In the past several 
years, the word IoT has become more inclusive and has been 
applied to a wider range of fields. 
In 2008, the US National Intelligence council named the IoT 
as “one of technologies with significant potential impact on the 
interests of US by 2025”; the European Commission has 
identified IoT as key research and development project ; Gartner 
listed ten “critical” developments and innovations that will 
affect IT in the next five years, including the Internet of Things. 
Cisco VNI research shows that IoT connections grown by 43% 
each year, from 341 million in 2013 to 2 billion in 
2018[1].Huawei predicts that there will be 100 billion IoT 
connections by 2025[2]. According to a report of strategy 
analytics, in 2017 alone, the market for IoT generated $84 billion 
in revenue, almost 16% more than in 2016. By 2023, 274 million 
households worldwide (14% of all households) will be equipped 
with at least one intelligent system[3]. 
III.
S
ECURITY 
T
HREATS IN THE 
S
MART 
H
OME
Due to the interconnected nature of the Internet, which 
makes network security a key issue to prevent Internet resources 
from being attacked anytime and anywhere. In 2015, the annual 
network security vulnerability survey conducted by Price 
Waterhouse Coopers showed that security vulnerabilities are on 
the rise; 90% of large enterprises and 74% of small enterprises 
encountered security vulnerabilities [4]. As in all fields of the 
network, security and privacy are extremely important for the 
trusted system of the IoT. Enterprise has its own dedicated IT 
department or technical team to manage and deploy the system 
security, system architecture and software updates, otherwise 
the smart home is very different, which lack of technical 
supports and security professionals, and residents do not have 
deep technical knowledge to manage a complex smart home 
network. However, the overall security threats faced by smart 
home is similar to other fields, so it puts forward special 
challenges. Smart home products take home as the core use 
scene, The particularity of the use scene determines the high 
requirements for security issues and the high sensitivity and 
attention of users to product safety. Once there are security 
problems in smart home products, it will threaten the privacy, 
property and life safety of users. 
A. Confidentiality
Confidentiality refers that only authorized users (including
people and machines) can access the data to keep the privacy of 
data. Loss of confidential content such as keys and passwords 
will lead to unauthorized system access threats. We need to 
protect the original information and sensitive information from 
being leaked to adjacent networks or even external networks 
(Table. I). Security breaches in the smart home system may lead 
to accidental data leakage, for example, the internal temperature 
of the home, along with the operation parameters of the lighting 
system, could be used to judge whether there is anyone in the 
home, which becomes a hidden danger of burglary. 
TABLE I. 
R
ESEARCH ON SMART HOME 
C
ONFIDENTIALITY