Academicia a n I n t e r n a t I o n a L
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Iminov A. Kurbonov A. hayrullaev S. Usmonova D. Academia
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- ( D o u b l e B l i n d R e f e r e e d R e v i e w e d I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l ) DOI: 10.5958/2249-7137.2020.00532.7
- Iminov Abduvali Abdumannobovich*; Kurbonov Akhmad Alovkhanovich**; Khayrullayev Sardor Shamsiddin ugli***; Usmonova Dilnoza Khamrokulovna****
н< or COL beikwi of U » « k i ACADEMICIA A n I n t e r n a t i o n a l M u l t i d i s c i p l i n a r y R e s e a r c h J o u r n a l ( D o u b l e B l i n d R e f e r e e d & R e v i e w e d I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l ) DOI: 10.5958/2249-7137.2020.00532.7 THE IMPACT OF USING MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND INOCULATING WITH NITROGEN BEFORE SEEDING SOYBEAN ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SOIL AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE CROP Iminov Abduvali Abdumannobovich*; Kurbonov Akhmad Alovkhanovich**; Khayrullayev Sardor Shamsiddin ugli***; Usmonova Dilnoza Khamrokulovna**** *Professor, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, UZBEKISTAN **Assistant professor, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, UZBEKISTAN ***Master Student, Department of Oilseed Crops, Faculty of Agrobiology Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, UZBEKISTAN ****Student, Department of Oilseed Crops, Faculty of Agrobiology Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent, UZBEKISTAN Email id: sardorxayrullayev@mail.ru ABSTRACT
KEYW ORDS: Soybean, Frequentative Crop, Mineral Fertilizers, Ore Fertilizers, Rhizobium, Gray Soil, Humus, Layer, Duration, Crop Rotation, Vegetation, Growing Season. ISSN: 2 2 4 9 -7 1 3 7 Vol. 10, Issue 6, June 2 0 2 0 Im p a ct Factor: SJIF 2 0 2 0 = 7.13 INTRODUCTION The acceptance of Presidential Decree № 2832 from March 14, 2017 by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on “the measures of increasing planting soya and organizing planting soya legumes in the Republic during 2017-2021 years” provides growing soya beans on the 92 266 hectares of the land as a main crop, on the 40 557 hectares of the land as a repeated crop and serves on improving the productivity of the land, satisfying the demand of population for food and animal feeding products. In the soil of the Republic of Uzbekistan does not contain the bacterium named “Rhizobium” (that exists on the roots of legumes), therefore it is preferable to inoculate with the drug of Rhizobium bacterium (nitrogen) before planting the seedlings of legume and grain. As for Atabaeva (2004), Atabaeva, Mamedov (2007) who note that soybean plays the main role in increasing the efficiency of the soil and the existence of Rhizobium Japonica in its roots enriches the soil with nitrogen and leads to gathering average 70-100 kilo/ha of biologic nitrogen in a year. For this reason, the remaining roots and residuals from the crop is considered to be crucial in preserving and increasing the efficiency of the soil. According to the information of Z.Islamova (2011), using mineral fertilizers with nitrogen, more specifically, versions of Р90 K60+nitrogen and N30 P90 K60+nitrogen provides the highest amount of gathered Rhizobium and the increase in productivity by 3.3-5.4 cent/ha. Increasing the amount of nitrogen leads to decreasing Rhizobium or non-existence at all, increased productivity is observed only due to the increased amount of nitrogen. The data of B.Mavlonov, A.Hamzaev, Z.Bobokulov (2018) shows that Rhizobium that lives in the roots of legume-grain products inhabited the nitrogen in the atmosphere and enriches the soil with nitrogen. Asian bean, soybean and pea gather easily from 40 kilos to 120 kilos of nitrogen from each hectare of the land in the condition of Uzbekistan. The most of nitrogen inhabited by legume grain products stays in the plant itself and some part of it stays in the root and returns to the soil in the form of residuals after the crop has been gathered. The researches of I.Anarboyev, M. Sattarov (2012) and E.R.Ollohberdiev indicate that the soya which is planted after autumn cereal products as repeated crop enriches the soil with nitrogen. Moreover, it leaves 40-50 kilos fresh biologic nitrogen from each hectare. M ATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted research and experiments on the effectiveness of processing the different norms of mineral fertilizers before planting soya beans as a frequentative crop after wheat on the efficiency of the land and productivity of soybean crops during 2015-2017 years on the experimental land fields of the Scientific-Research Institute of Selection, seeding and growing cotton agro technology. Field experiments have been conducted on the environment of typical gray, sandy with heavy mechanical content, irrigated from the past, located in deep irrigated (18-20 m) unsalted soil of Tashkent region. In the experiment, processed and unprocessed nitrogen Bradyrhizobium japonicum SB5 with the following types of unfertilized mineral fertilizers: РК 90:60, NPK 30:90:60, NPK 60:90:60 and NPK 90:90:60 kilo/ha with different norms are tested before planting soybeans. In order to detect agrochemical component of soil of experimental land before conducting experiment, samples from 5 points of diagonal layers 0-30 and 30-50 cm have been checked. RESULTS According to obtained results, the soil of 0-30 cm layer of experimental lands consist of 0.725% humus, 0.061% total nitrogen amount, 0.116% phosphorus. The arable base of the land, 30-50 cm layer contained 0.598% of humus, 0.598% of total nitrogen and the phosphorus between 0.099%. According to information on mobile shapes of nutritional elements, the followings have been detected: the amount nitrogen on the arable layer of the soil (0-30 cm), 2.26 mg/kilo on the underneath of arable layer (30-50 cm), the mobile phosphorus on the 0-30cm layer of the soil - 15.2 mg/kilo, 11.80 mg/kilo on the 30-50cm layer of the land. The amount of substitutable potassium was 318 mg/kg in the 0-30 cm layer of soil and 282 mg/kg in the 30-50 cm layer. C hart 1 The impact of norms of mineral fertilizers and frequentative crops on the am ount nutritional substance, in percentage term (2016 year) № treat The layers of the soil, cm Total form, % Mobile form, mg/kg Humus N
N-NO 3 Р 2 О L /i К 2 О The beginning period of praxis (2016 year, summer 0-30 0,725
0,061 0,116
3,81 15,20
318 30-50
0,598 0,053
0,099 2,26
11,80 282
The ending period of praxis (2016 year autumn) 1 0-30 0,724 0,059
0,115 3,92
15,14 315
30-50 0,596
0,052 0,097
2,33 11,65
279 2 0-30 0,749 0,063
0,119 4,25
16,01 324
30-50 0,608
0,054 0,100
2,74 12,10
288 3 0-30 0,755 0,070
0,126 5,18
17,42 330
30-50 0,611
0,056 0,104
3,02 12,94
294 4 0-30 0,751 0,068
0,122 5,01
16,25 326
30-50 0,610
0,054 0,102
2,89 12,66
290 5 0-30 0,727 0,062
0,118 3,95
15,21 320
30-50 0,599
0,053 0,099
2,36 11,92
283 6 0-30 0,754 0,067
0,122 4,36
16,84 328
30-50 0,610
0,056 0,103
2,81 12,19
290 7 0-30 0,762 0,073
0,130 5,33
17,53 336
30-50 0,616
0,061 0,107
3,15 13,01
298 8 0-30 0,758 0,071
0,125 5,10
16,42 330
30-50 0,612
0,059 0,104
3,05 12,83
296 It shows that, the typical gray soil of researched land area (Scientific Research Institute of Agro technology of Cotton seed breeding and cultivation) is found to be provided with the very low
amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the high level of interchangeable potassium, based on the classification of nitrogen and phosphorus (presented in the chart 1). The impact of using mineral fertilizers norms for planting and growing soybean seedlings as a frequentative crop on the agrochemical properties of the soil is observed. During the ending period of vegetation, processing the soybean seedlings before planting, using different norms of mineral fertilizers showed its effect on the amount humus in the soil. The amount of humus in the arable layer of the soil (0-30cm) is equal to 0.727% when none of mineral fertilizers have been used before soybean seedlings, while it is equal to 0.762% when NPK 30:90:60 kg/ha mineral norms is processed with nitrogen. It provided the increase in the amount of humus by 0.037% in comparison with initial indicators, while 0.033% increase was detected in the version NPK 60:90:60 kg/ha in comparison with initial indicators. The total amount of nitrogen in the arable layer of the soil (0-30cm) is equal to 0.0627% on the occasion of not using any mineral fertilizers before soybean seedlings, while it is equal to 0.073% in the method of processing nitrogen with NPK 30:90:60 kg/ha mineral norms. This, in turn, led to the increase of 0.012% in comparison to the initial indicators before planting soybean seedlings. 0.01% increase in comparison with initial indicators was obtained in the case of implementing NPK 60:90:60 kg/ha. The above law was also observed in the total amount of phosphorus and nutritional on the mobile shapes of the composition of the soil. The crop productivity of soybean gave the following results: The highest level of soybean productivity is obtained in the eighth version of processing soybean seedlings with Rhizobium which actively inhabits nitrogen and mineral fertilizer with the amount of NPK 60:90:60 kg/ha before planting them as frequentative after autumn wheat, the average crop is equal to 26.9 c/ha in three years; the version of experimenting without fertilizers yields 14.2 c/ha, 17.1 c/ha in the case of processing Rhizobium which actively inhabits nitrogen and without fertilizers. In the fourth version of using NPK 90:90:60 kg/ha norm yields 24.7 c/ha crop (chart 2). C hart 2
The impact of norms of mineral ferti izers on the productivity of soybean, c/ha № treat The norms of ore fertilizers, Kg/ha (NPK) Productivity of
cent/hectare the
crop by
years, average
2015 2016
2017 1 Without fertilizer 13,1 13,6
15,8 14,2
2 N 30 P 90 K 60 21,9
22,2 23,0
22,4 3 N 60 P 90 K 60 25,4 26,4 27,0
26,3 4 N 90 P 90 K 60 23,2 24,6 26,2
24,7 5 Without fertilizer + Nitrogen 16,2 17,1
18,0 17,1
6 P 90 K 60 + Nitrogen 19,5 20,7
21,9 20,7
7 N 30 P 90 K 60 + Nitrogen 25,1 26,2
27,4 26,2
8 N 60 P 90 K 60 + Nitrogen 26,0 27,7
27,1 26,9
ISSN: 2 2 4 9 -7 1 3 7 Vol. 10, Issue 6, June 2 0 2 0 Im p a ct Factor: SJIF 2 0 2 0 = 7.13 CONCLUSIONS The above studies indicate that, in the system crop rotation for short period, processing soybean with nitrogen before planting its seedling as frequentative crop after autumn wheat provides reduction in the expenditure of processing ore fertilizers during the growth of soybean by 20 25%, as well as serves to reduce processing norms of ore fertilizers which are used to care agriculture products during the growth of upcoming years. REFERENCES 1. Anarboyev I., Sattarov M. - Soybean is a productive crop. // Agriculture of Uzbekistan. 2012. № 5. Ch. 11-12. 2. Atabaeva X.N. - Soya. // The National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. State Scientific edition. 2004. Ch. 96. 3. Atabaeva X.N., Mamedov N.M - The productivity of herbaceous plant which are planted after autumn wheat. // Collection of papers based on reports of the International Scientific and Practical Conference on the Scientific and Practical Basis for Increasing Soil Fertility. Tashkent. 2007. Cha. 251-253. 4. Islamova Z. -The impact of nitrogen and mineral fertilizers on the productivity of soybean. Agro-knowledge, № 3[19]. 2011. Ch. 15. 5. Mavlonov B., Hamzaev A., Bobokulov Z., - The importance of legumes on the efficiency of the soil // The journal of Agriculture of Uzbekistan. 2018. № 8. Ch. 36. 6. Ollohberdiev E.R - Optimization of fertilizer rates and the number of irrigation in mixed crops of corn and soybean. Their influence on the productivity of these crops. // in the system of personnel training - agrarian education. Science and Production Integration. Materials of the International Scientific Practical Conference. Tashkent, 2006. Ch. 156-157. Download 103.45 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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