Actual division of the sentence. Syntactic inversion

3.Communicative types of sentences
According to their role in the process of communication sentences are divided into four types: declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory sentences.
These divisions are usually applied to simple sentences. In a complex sentence the comminucative type depends upon that of the principal clause. In a compound sentence coordinate clauses may belong to different communicative types.
Declarative sentences
Declarative sentences, or statements, form the bulk of monological speech and the greater part of conversation. A statement may be positive (affirmative) or negative:
I have just come from a business trip.
I haven’t seen my sister yet.
Grammatically, statements are characterized by the direct order of words.
A statement can be emphasized by the auxiliary verbs do, does, did put in front of the base form of the verb:
I do feel sorry for Roger.
B esides their main function of information carriers, statements may be used with the force of questions, commands and exclamations:
I wonder why he is so late.
You mustn’t talk back to your parents.
Interrogative sentences
The communicative function of interrogative sentences consists in asking for information.
All varieties of questions may be of the following types:
General questions
A general question opens with a verb operator (an auxiliary, modal or link verb) followed by the subject. It is characterized by the rising tone:
Does it hurt much?
Can you speak French?
Ready?― elliptical question.
Haven’t you posted the letter yet?
Note the meaning of Yes and No in answers to negative questions:
Isn't he a bore? ― Yes (He is a bore).
Isn’t he a bore? ― No (He isn’t a bore).
Yes and No are used according to the facts and not according to the form of the question. Compare with Russian: Вы не были в Париж?― Нет, была. / ― Да, не была.
Tag questions
A tag question is a short yes-no question added to a statement. This is usually done when you expect the person you are addressing to agree with you or confirm your statement. Tags are most often used in spoken English.
It is quite warm, isn’t it? ― positive statement+negative tag
You didn’t know I was an ― negative statement+positive tag
artist, did you?
That hardly counts, does it? ― the tag is positive because the statement contains a semi-negative word
I’m controlling it, aren’t I? ― note the negative tag with “I”.
Nobody had bothered to ― note the use of the plural pronoun in the tag
do this, had they?
Come into the kitchen, ― to make your order sound less forceful
will you?
See that she gets safely back,
won’t you?
Don’t tell Howard, will you? ― after a negative imperative only
a positive tag is used
Let’s forget it, shall we?
Note the answers to the following tag questions:
You don’t know French, do you? ― No, I don’t (If you don’t know it).
You don’t know French, do you? ― Yes, I do (If you know it).