Agensi antidadah kebangsaan kementerian dalam negeri

Drug-Treatment Clinic
The first stage for an addict seeking treatment is usually to register with
an outpatient clinic. This is a clinic that is attached to a hospital and
staffed by psychiatrists, social workers, nurses, and probably probation
officers. Some clinics have day centres where the addict can spend a
good deal of time. Patients may be referred for treatment by their general
practitioner or other doctors or by a social worker, probation officer or
another agency. Some refer themselves, although some clinics insist on
a formal referral letter from another doctor. A probation officer may have
clients who are drug dependants, who agree or are obliged to undergo
treatment and rehabilitation as requirements of probation under the
Criminal Justice Act 1991,
61
or as an additional requirement to his
probation order imposed by the Courts under section 3(1) of the Powers
of the Criminal Courts Act 1973. Even though the Criminal Justice Act
1991 introduced treatment and rehabilitation of drug offenders, their
consent was still required.
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The requirement for consent for community
sentences for offences has, however, been removed by the Crime
6 0
ACMD (1996), Drug Misusers and the Criminal Justice System. Part 3: Drug Misusers and the
Prison System - An Integrated Approach
, at pg 15; See also Institute for the Study of Drug
Dependence (1998), UK Trends and Update, in content 3.30 – www.isdd.co.uk/rends/.
6 1
As amended by Criminal Justice Act 1993, & supplemented by Criminal Justice and Public
Order Act 1994.
6 2
Section 1A of the Powers of the Criminal Courts Act 1973.

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Drug Dependants’ Treatments and Rehabilitation :
From the ‘Cold Turkey’ to ‘Hot Turkey’
213
Dr Abdul Rani bin Kamarudin , m/s 193-226
(Sentence) Act 1997. Therefore, it is now by no means certain that any
probationer receiving treatment as an outpatient under the terms of his
license is a volunteer.
All the outpatient centres may refer patients for in-patient
treatment for withdrawal and for supportive treatment during acute
episodes of their condition. The support of social work, occupational
therapy, and other specialized departments of the hospital are equally
available where in-patient treatment is given. Patients may be admitted
into in-patient facilities for assessment, for stabilization of dosages, for
detoxification and for treatment of the complications of drug dependence.
They may remain in hospital for a period, which may be on or off drugs.
In-patient detoxification is essential for those who are severely dependent
on sedative hypnotic drugs because of the risks associated with their
withdrawal.
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If an addict wishes to come off all drugs, he will probably
be admitted into an in-patient unit (although some addicts come on and
off, on an outpatient basis). Once withdrawal is complete, the major task
of encouragement to abstain from drugs commences. In this manner,
treatment and rehabilitation become almost indistinguishable terms. A
long period of after-care is inevitably necessary after the discharge
because much of the work of treating the causes of addiction must be
done outside hospitals. Co-operation between medical staffs, social
workers and lay organizations is therefore crucial.