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IELTS
 JOURNAL 
 
22 
Adding an explanation 
In adding explanation, it is important to minimize the number of words which you intend to 
use to make sure you stay within the word limit. Look at the examples below. 
1. 
Both cities experienced a rise in the number of tourists coming in through their 
airports, which reached a common level of 255,000 in July. 
Reduced Form: 
Both cities experienced a rise in the number of tourists coming in 
through their airports, reaching a common level of 255,000 in July. 
2. 
Gold bar prices experienced a spectacular rise in November, which climbed to a new 
peak of $625. 
Reduced Form: 
Gold bar prices experienced a spectacular rise in November, 
climbing to a new peak of $625. 
3. 
In the first half of 2009, the attendance at the museum went into free fall, which 
nose-dived to approximately 300,000 visitors. 
Reduced Form: 
In the first half of 2009, the attendance at the museum went into 
free fall, nose-diving to approximately 300,000 visitors. 
4. 
Females also spend less time socializing and much less time than men on sport, 
which allows them more time for studying. 
Reduced Form: 
Females also spend less time socializing and much less time than 
men on sport, allowing them more time for studying. 
Exercise: Reduce the clauses in the sentences into phrases. 
1. 
The figures then dropped sharply to well below 5000, which was the lowest in record for 
more than 40 years. 
2.