Ancient iranian nomads in western central asia. G'Arbiy o'rta osiyodagi qadimiy eron ko'chmachilari

ANCIENT IRANIAN NOMADS IN WESTERN CENTRAL ASIA.
G'ARBIY O'RTA OSIYODAGI QADIMIY Eron KO'CHMACHILARI.
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A. Abetekov and H. Yusupov

The territory of Central Asia, which consists of vast expanses of steppe-land, desert and semi-desert with fine seasonal pastures, was destined by nature for the development of nomadic cattle breeding. Between the seventh and third centuries B.C., it was inhabited by a large number of tribes, called Scythians by the Greeks, and Sakas by the Persians.

Keng cho'l, cho'l va chala cho'llardan iborat bo'lgan, mavsumiy yaylovlarga ega bo'lgan O'rta Osiyo hududi tabiatan ko'chmanchi chorvachilikni rivojlantirish uchun mo'ljallangan edi. Miloddan avvalgi VII-III asrlarda u yerda yunonlar skiflar, forslar saklar deb atagan koʻplab qabilalar yashagan.
The history of the Central Asian nomads is inseparable from that of the nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples of the Eurasian steppe zone. Their political and economic life was closely linked, and their material culture had much in common. It should also be noted that, despite their distinctive qualities, the nomadic tribes were closely connected with the agricultural population of Central Asia. In fact, the history and movements of these nomadic tribes and the settled population cannot be considered in isolation; each had its impact on the other, and this interdependence must be properly understood.
Oʻrta Osiyo koʻchmanchilari tarixini Yevroosiyo dasht zonasidagi koʻchmanchi va yarim koʻchmanchi xalqlar tarixidan ajratib boʻlmaydi. Ularning siyosiy va iqtisodiy hayoti bir-biri bilan chambarchas bog'liq bo'lib, ularning moddiy madaniyati ko'p umumiyliklarga ega edi. Yana shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, ko'chmanchi qabilalar o'zlarining o'ziga xos fazilatlariga qaramay, O'rta Osiyoning dehqonchilik aholisi bilan chambarchas bog'liq edilar. Aslida, bu ko‘chmanchi qabilalar va o‘troq aholining tarixi va harakatlarini alohida ko‘rib chiqish mumkin emas; har biri boshqasiga o'z ta'sirini ko'rsatdi va bu o'zaro bog'liqlikni to'g'ri tushunish kerak.