Аракин 4 курс полностью

9. Group discussion. Read the following selections. The issue discussed is the role of the student in the 
university. Consider each ot the categories presented below and discuss the position of the Russian students at 
the institute in view of the recent changes in the Russian system of higher education: 
1. "Is the student's role similar to that of an apprentice — studying the master and 
gradually becoming a master? Or is the proper relationship one of a ward of the 
university, which is responsible for the student's welfare and moral and intellectual 
training? Or is the student a client of the university — where the student seeks out 
professors to help in areas of interest and need? 
2. "It is probably safe to say that in England, Canada and the United States, until 
recent years, there has always been a sharp distinction between the role and status of the 
teacher and the role and status of the student — a simple recognition of the fact that the 
former by virtue of his knowledge, age and experience should exercise some domination 
and direction over the latter." 
3. "A person's role in any given situation is defined not only by the individual but by 
other people and institutions in the environment. Up to 1950 there seemed few 
differences in the views of students, professors, or the university in respect of the stu-
dent's role in the university. 
Quite clearly the student was not a member of the university if membership is defined 
as having a shared responsibility for the program, regulations, welfare of the institution. 
In these respects the student was without status or recognition. 

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Практический курс английского языка. 4 курс под ред. В.Д. Аракина
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The attitude of the university was paternalistic and authoritarian; this was accepted by 
all concerned."
4. "It was obvious in the seventies that student protest had altered the ethos of the 
campus in many significant ways. There was, for example, the relaxation of admission 
requirements, the adoption of pass-fail grading in many courses, the increasing provisions 
for independent study, the emphasis on creative art; the growth of work-study programs, 
the free choice of a wide variety of subjects.
There was now no argument: students did share the power. The vital question was to 
what extent and in what areas?
But in respect of the student's role in the university, a significant point in the history 
of the university was turned. Students could no longer be considered children, they were 
adults with responsibility for their own behaviour and conduct; they were franchised 
members of the university with voting rights on some issues and potentially on all issues 
within the university community."