Aristotle

One of Aristotle's types of syllogism^[C]

In words	In terms^[D]	In equations^[E]
All men are mortal. All Greeks are men. ∴ All Greeks are mortal.	M a P S a M S a P

What is today called Aristotelian logic with its types of syllogism (methods of logical argument),^[26] Aristotle himself would have labelled "analytics". The term "logic" he reserved to mean dialectics. Most of Aristotle's work is probably not in its original form, because it was most likely edited by students and later lecturers. The logical works of Aristotle were compiled into a set of six books called the Organon around 40 BC by Andronicus of Rhodes or others among his followers.^[28] The books are:

1. 
   Categories
   
2. 
   On Interpretation
   
3. 
   Prior Analytics
   
4. 
   Posterior Analytics
   
5. 
   Topics
   
6. 
   On Sophistical Refutations
   

Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael's 1509 fresco, The School of Athens. Aristotle holds his Nicomachean Ethics and gestures to the earth, representing his view in immanent realism, whilst Plato gestures to the heavens, indicating his Theory of Forms, and holds his Timaeus.^[29][30]
The order of the books (or the teachings from which they are composed) is not certain, but this list was derived from analysis of Aristotle's writings. It goes from the basics, the analysis of simple terms in the Categories, the analysis of propositions and their elementary relations in On Interpretation, to the study of more complex forms, namely, syllogisms (in the Analytics)^[31][32] and dialectics (in the Topics and Sophistical Refutations). The first three treatises form the core of the logical theory stricto sensu: the grammar of the language of logic and the correct rules of reasoning. The Rhetoric is not conventionally included, but it states that it relies on the Topics.^[33]