«at the chemist ’ S» (медицинский компонент) Прочитайте и переведите текст

«AT THE CHEMIST’S» (медицинский компонент)
1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
AT THE CHEMIST’S
Medicines are not meant to live on, an English proverb says. Good health is better than the best medicine. But sometimes we cannot avoid diseases, either infectious or noninfectious. So we go to the doctor’s or to the chemist’s hoping to get some medicine which will make all signs and symptoms disappear.
About 2000 different drugs are currently available for the treatment of illness, and new ones are being developed. There are a lot of chemist’s shops in our country. As a rule they include two main departments: the prescription department where drugs have to be ordered and the chemist’s department.
At the chemist’s department you can get some medicines right away. They don’t require a doctor’s prescription. Over-the-counter remedies include different powders and pills, tablets for headache and stomachache, drops for eye irritation and earache, decongestants which may decrease nasal stuffiness, sedatives which are used to calm those who are excited, laxatives used to relieve constipation, healing ointments which are rubbed in to relieve pain and skin irritation, as well as sleeping-draughts, pain-killers, tonics, such as bromide, vitamins, cod liver oil and other remedies.
Many drugs are available by prescription only. These drugs are either strong effective or poisonous and may be dangerous. Their over dosage may cause untoward reaction and sometimes even death. Medical personnel should have a clear idea of how and why a particular drug works and what its side effects and contraindications are. Some drugs may cause sleepiness, dry mouth, weight gain or even depression. Some drugs are addictive; therefore, their use must be strictly controlled. A patient can buy these medicines only if a doctor writes a prescription for a chemist to fill. Antibiotic drugs are often called ―miracle drugs‖ because they can bring rapid improvement and quick cures of some serious infections. Penicillin, a well-known antibiotic, is generally effective against a variety of bacterial infections.
Narcotic drugs such as codeine and morphine can also be obtained only with a prescription. They are addictive and thus can be used only in restricted dosages. They are excellent pain-killers, but in excessive amounts they can cause coma or death.

Other familiar drugs include digitalis (which helps strengthen the heart), anticoagulants (which prevent blood clots), and diuretics (which help remove excess fluid from the body). Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes.

At the chemist’s they keep all drugs in drug cabinets. Every small bottle or box has a label with the name of the medicine stuck on it. There are labels of three colours: white ones are stuck to indicate drugs for internal use; yellow ones are stuck to indicate drugs for external use, and blue ones are stuck to indicate drugs for intramuscular and intravenous injections. The dose to be taken is usually indicated on a signature or a label. As a rule, the directions for the administration of a drug are written on the signature. It is also recommended to keep drugs in a dry and cool place. As for mixtures and solutions, they should be shaken before using. In case you want to get some medicine for injection you should also buy a little alcohol to sponge the skin and rinse the hands before giving injections.
At this chemist’s shop one can get drugs of all kinds, as well as bottles of iodine, tubes of healing ointment, ampules of glucose and camphor, mustard plasters, cups, hot-water bottles, medicine droppers, thermometers, syringes, dressing materials and many other things which are quite necessary for medical care.
The other day I went to the nearest chemist’s to order the drugs prescribed to my younger sister ill with quinsy. At the prescription department I ordered the prescription for 50 grams of alcohol to sponge her skin before giving injections. Then the chemist gave me some bottles of penicillin and streptomycin and several ampules of novocaine for intramuscular injections. I was also given an antiseptic mouth-wash to gargle the throat several times a day. The chemist recommended me to keep it in a cool place and shake it before using. He also advised me to buy mustard plasters to apply them to my sister’s back before going to bed to keep her warm at night.
2. Выполните упражнения:
Ex. 1
1. small bottle or box has a label with the name of the medicine stuck on it
2. …

Упражнение 1: Translate into English.

1. этикетка, наклеенная на бутылку;
2. рецепт, выписанный врачом;
3. аптека, построенная на нашей улице;
4. лекарство, хранимое в специальном шкафу;
5. укол, введенный для снятия боли;
6. доза, указанная на сигнатуре;
7. неблагоприятная реакция, вызванная передозировкой лекарства;
8. лекарство, принимаемoe регулярно;
9. хрипы, выявленные при прослушивании;
10. участок кожи, протертый спиртом.

Ex. 2
1. Healing ointment is rubbed to relieve pain and skin irritation by her.

2. …

Упражнение 2: Change the following sentences from the Active Voice into the Passive Voice:

1. She is rubbing in healing ointment to relieve pain and skin irritation.
2. The nurse was giving me the injection of camphor when my friend came in.
3. The students are taking notes of the lecture in Anatomy now.
4. The chemist was marking bottles of poisonous drugs.
5. The doctor is taking the patient's blood pressure now.
Ex. 3
1. We go to the chemist’s shopping when we cannot avoid diseases, either infectious or noninfectious.
2. …

Упражнение 3: Answer the following questions:

1. When do people go to the chemist’s?
2. How many departments are there in the chemist's shop?
3. How can you get drugs at the chemist’s department?
4. What do over-the-counter remedies include?
5. What are decongestants used for?
6. In what cases do doctors prescribe laxatives?
7. When are sedatives used?
8. What are healing ointments used for?
9. What drugs are available by prescription only?
10. What may over dosage of strong effective drugs cause?