Attractions of Khiva Ichan-Kala

Kaffal-Shashi. He had a key to human hearts.

Kaffal-Shashi lived more than a thousand years ago. But there is no person in modern Tashkent who would not know the honored name ‘’Hazrati Imom’’ (Holy Imam), the name that was given to him in 10th century.

Childhood and adolescence

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Ismail Al-Kaffal Al-Kabir as-Shashi. Difficult name at first sight is easily explained – Abu Bakr Muhammad ‘Senior’, the son of Ali, the grandson of Ismail, locksmithfrom Tashkent.
Kaffal-Shashi, a brave poet, a polyglot, and the author of many books on Islam Law, was born in 291 according to the Hijri Calendar (903/904 AD) in Ash-Shash (present Tashkent). His father was an educated man who owned a keylock shop where Kaffal-Shashi studied secrets of this craft. Soon he mastered it, developed passion to reading and as it is still popular among the youth, began to write his first poems.
Still young, he moved to Khorasan to continue his education, and then to the capital of Caliphate and the centre of the science of the Islamic world, Baghdad. There Al-Kaffal learns from the Imam Abu Jaf’ar Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (839-923), a well-known Islamic historian and theologian of that time, the author of the book “History of the Prophets and the Kings”, tafsir (interpretation) of the Koran and works on Sharia. Al-Tabari lived 84 years and died in Baghdad when al-Kaffal was 19. It gives a clue how young Kaffal-Shashi was when he left his hometown.

Adulthood

Abu Bakr al-Kaffal ash-Shashi becomes one of the leading representatives of the Sharia Schools of the Shafi madhhab (stream) after spending many years at school; receives popularity for his erudition in many scientific disciplines and wins the unquestionable respect in issues of Sharia.
The entire chapter was devoted to our compatriot in the main book of his life ‘‘Wafayat al-Ayan (The Orbituaries of Eminent Men)” by an Arab writer and lawyer of the 13th century, Ibn Khallikan (1222-1282).
He writes: “Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Ismail al-Shashi, a scientific theologian from the Shafi stream, was undoubtedly the distinguished scholar of Sharia of that time. Kaffal-Shashi had a deep knowledge not only in laws and traditions, dogmatic theology, but also showed himself as an excellent linguist and a wonderful poet’’.
Native to Tashkent, Abu Bakr Muhammad Kaffal Shashi was an unusual person. Perfect connoisseur of holy books and the Sharia. Polyglot, with the knowledge of many languages of the medieval East. The author of a wide range of works. However, the heyday of Islamic Renaissance gifted the world tens of scientists, hundreds of theologians and a great number of writers. Why then, thousand years later, do the professors in Boston and Toronto still read lectures on him, and cite him in Greece, Lebanon and Turkey? Kaffal Shashi entered the history as an excellent poet-polemist, who responded to Nicephore Phocas “Al-Qasida al-Arminiyya al-Maluna’’ (The Armenian Cursed Ode) – a poetical challenge of the mighty Byzantine Emperor (912-969).