Bank of Krok testing to module N1
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Bank of Krok testing to module N1 Morphology of bacteria 7. Immunofluorescence reaction is widely used for express-diagnostics of many bacterial and viral infections. Choose the type of the microscope needed for this reaction. A.Light microscope. D.Phase-contrast microscope. B. Electron microscope. C. Fluorescence microscope. E. Dark-field microscope. 10. The essential drawback of the microscopy method of infection diagnostics is insufficient informativeness caused by morphologic similarity of many microorganisms. Which of the following can increase the informativeness? A. Radioimmunoassay. B. Coombs' test. C. ELISA. D.Opsonization reaction. E. Immunofluorescence testing. *Immunofluorescence test belongs to widely used rapid (express) methods of infectious diseases diagnostics. Which properties of bacteria are estimated for their identification at this type of testing? Morphological and tinctorial Morphological and antigenic Antigenic and immunogenic Cultural and biochemical *During microbiology lesson students have acquainted with microscopy method of laboratory diagnostics. Which property of bacteria may be studied with this method? Morphological, tinctorial Cultural Antigenic Toxigenic Biochemical 20. Furuncle pus smear showed spherical microbes arranged in grape-like clusters. Name these microorganisms. A.Staphilococci. B. Diplococci. C. Micrococci. D.Streptococci. E. Tetracocci. *At microscopy of the wound discharge gram-positive spherical cells arranged in “grape-like clusters “ have been revealed. Which group can seen microorganisms be belong to? Staphylococcus Clostridia Streptococcus Mycoplasma Gonococcus 70. Students have been proposed to stain a mixture of bacteria by Gram's method and explain the mechanism of staining at a microbiology practical class. Name the morphological structures of bacteria that cause Gram-negative or Gram-positive staining of bacteria. A.CPM (cytoplasm membrane). B. Cell wall. C. Capsule. D. .Flagella. E. Cytoplasm. *At laboratory diagnostics of many infectious diseases Gram staining technique is used. Which structure of microbial cell is responsible for ability of taking a dye? Cytoplasmic membrane Cell wall Mesosomes Capsule Plasmids *04* 2013* At staining of the smear from sputum collected from the patient with suspicious lobar pneumonia such dyes and reagents have been used as crystal violet and Lugol’s iodine solutions, 960 alcohol, and fuchsine solution. Which method of staining has been used in this case? Loeffler’s Neisser’s *Gram’s Ziehl-Neelsen’s Romanovsky-Giemsa’s * Microorganisms surrounded with capsule have been revealed in the smear prepared from the sputum of the patient with croupous pneumonia. Which chemical compound of revealed cellular organella is? RNA Polysaccharides Peptidoglycane Lipids DNA *2013* *Microscopic investigation of pathological samples stained with Burri-Hins´ technique from the patient with suspicious plague is made into the laboratory of life-threatining diseases. Which property of causative agent does this method allow to study? Capsule formation Spore formation Acid-fast property (acid resistance) Alkaline resistance Volutine granules presence *b-12 At microscopy of bacterial culture fusiform spore-forming blue- violet after staining by Gram microorganisms have been revealed. Which kind of microorganisms has been revealed? Streptococci Spirochetes Clostridia Actinomyces Diplococci *b-12 Rod-shaped blue microorganisms with terminal spherical red components are seen in the smear stained by Aujesky´s method. Which name of these components is ? Spores Flagella Pili (fimbria) Capsules Mesosomes *08* A specimen stained by Ozheshko (Aujesky) method contains rod-like microorganisms stained blue with round terminal components stained red. What are these components called? Cilia Capsules Flagella Spores Mesosomes *At staining of the sputum smear the such dyes and reagents have been used as: Ziehl´s fuchsine and methylene blue solutions, 5% sulpharic acid solution. Which method of staining has been used? Ziehl-Neelsen´s Hins-Burri´s Gram´s Peshkov´s Neisser´s *The pure culture of Corynebacterium diphteria has been isolated from the patient. After smear preparation and staining by Neisser´s the next inclusion bodies have been revealed: Starch Glycogen Sulfur Volutin (polyphosphates) The drops of neutral lipids Physiology Bacteriological method (pure culture isolation) is used for laboratory diagnostics of many infectious diseases. Which purpose of the first stage of investigation? Seeding of the collected samples Obtaining of the separated colonies Microscopy of the investigated samples Isolation and accumulation of the pure culture Identification of the isolated culture *DNA-polymerase from Thermus aquaticus is important reagent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This microorganism is capable of growing at 100 0C and higher and it is: Thermophilic Mesophilic Psychrophilic Halophilic Chemolytotrophs Genetics
Transfection Lysogeny Transformation Modification Transduction *It is known bacterial cells include additional genetic structures, which either exists as independent element autonomically from chromosome or integrates with it, and supplements such cell additional property. What is the name of this additional elements? Prophages Nucleotides Is-sequences Plasmids Migrating genes *The procedure of human gene incorporation into bacterial genome with bacteriophage is used in biotechnological processes for production of therapeutic and prophylactic medicines. What is the name of such process? Transduction Transformation Translation Conjugation Deletion Infection 24. Bacteriological examination of the feces of a 38-year-old woman, who had been ill with typhoid fever 1.5 year ago, revealed Salmonella typhi. Name the form of the infectious process. A.Bacteria carrying. B. Secondary infection. C. Reinfection. D.Superinfection. E. Recidivation. *00*, *01* 38. A child, who is recovering after measles, has developed pneumonia caused by opportunists. What is the most probable form of this infection? A. Reinfection. B. Secondary infection. C. Superinfection. D. Persistence infection. E. Mixed infection. *08* 62. A patient recovered after Sonne shigellosis and was once more (repeatedly) infected with the same causative agent. What is such infection form called? Superinfection. Recidivation (recurrence). Reinfection. Persistent infection. Chronic infection. *04*05*06* 73. A patient has acute gonorrhea diagnosed. It is known, that the patient was ill with gonorrhea before, but was cured completely. Name the form of this infection. Secondary infection. Superinfection. Recidivation. Reinfection. Autoinfection. 130. A 2-year-old boy was not given APDT vaccine according to schedule. On his pharyngeal tonsils there were revealed microorganisms, which by morphological and biochemical properties are identical to Corynebacterium diphtheriae. But precipitation test in gel with antitoxic serum has been negative. What form of infectious process can this agent cause without urgent treatment? Asymptomatic bacteria carrying. Easy nontoxic form of disease. Toxic complicated form of disease. Chronic disease with the damage of internal organs. Persistent infection. It is known three links take part in development of infectious and epidemic process. The first link of infectious process is pathogenic microorganism. But what is the first link of epidemic process? Source of infection Dose of microorganism Way of penetration (invasion) Proper condition of environment Host reactivity Virulent (patogenecity) factors *00,01,03,05* The patient, 50 years old, had been treated with levomycetin (chloramphenicol) due to enteric fever infection, but day after his state was getting worse and fever lifted up to 39,6 С. How can you explain patient state? Absence of agent sensitivity to chloramphenicol Secondary infection arising Reinfection Action of causative agent endotoxin Allergy *Virulent factors are accounted at indication of etiological significance of microorganisms. Which virulent factor of streptococci can be estimated in clinical sample at light microscopy? Fimbria Capsule Protein A Protein M Inclusion bodies *Which from given virulent factors that typical for the most gram-negative bacteria acts the significant part in pathogenesis of disease, caused by these microorganisms? Exotoxin Endotoxin Invasive factor Capsule Hemorrhagic factor Feces of child with enteritis is emulsified into isotonic solution and the drop of emulsion is seeded onto selective medium (10% yolk-salt agar). Which virulent enzyme possessing aggressive property is revealed at this medium? Colicins Lecitinase Streptokinase Hemolysines Hyaluronidase *Biological method of laboratory diagnostics is used into laboratory of life-threatening infections. Which property of causative agents is not studied at this method? Phage typing Biological Morphological Tinctorial Antigenic Asepsis and antisepsis. Sterilization and disinfection. 15. With the purpose of acceleration sugar-containing media were sterilized by live, non--pressurized steam in one day: during 30 minutes in the morning, in the evening, and in the afternoon. In what way should the media have been sterilized? A. During 1 hour. B. During 15 min., three days in succession. C. During 30 min., two days in succession. D. During 30 min., three days in succession. E. During 15 sec. twice a day. 17. After practical activity in a laboratory students must put in order and disinfect their working place. Choose the chemical agent, which should be used. A. Ether. B. Chloric acid. C. Formalin. D. Chloroform. E. Chloramine 19. In a laboratory, researches on tetanus diagnostics were carried out. What method of sterilization should be used to destroy the isolated cultures of tetanus pathogens? Autoclaving (steam under pressure). Boiling. Tyndallization. Dry heat. Pasteurization 74. Control of instrument sterilization in autoclave was carried out with the help of a biologic method. What bacteria are the most rational to use as test-microorganisms? Spore forming. Capsule forming. Acid-fast. Pathogenic Thermophilic. *2013* in the surgical ward the dressing material was underwent sterilization in an autoclave. Through an oversight of a nurse the mode of sterilization was changed and the temperature in the autoclave reached only1000C instead of the due 1200C. What microorganisms can stay viable under these conditions? Molds and yeast fungi Staphylococci and streptococci *Bacilli and clostridia Salmonella and klebsiella Corynebacteria and mycobacteria *To decontaminate air into the aseptic cabinet some measures have been carried out, that belong to usual sterilization methods. Which method is the most appropriate for air decontamination after work? Ultraviolet radiation Burning With benzoic acid vapor With alcohol vapor Magnetic field Antisepsis *00* For carrying out of bacteriological researches into laboratory, have planned at next day, it is necessary to prepare sterile Petri dishes, and pipettes. Which method of sterilization should be used at this case? *Dry heat Fluid heat Tyndalization Pausterization Boiling Antibiotics 33. The staphylococcus, isolated from the nasopharynx of a nurse during hospital infection, differs from the strain, isolated from patients, by containing R-plasmid. What feature can the hospital strain acquire due to the conjugation with the strain isolated from the nurse? Antibiotics resistance. Production of enterotoxin. Production of epidermolitic toxin. Coagulase production. Rough colonies formation. *Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is due to presence into the cell of autonomic genetic structure, transmission of which is possible by conjugation. What is the name of this structure? Ent-plasmids Col-plasmids R-plasmids Transposons Prions *02* Pathogenic staphylococcus has been isolated from purulent wound of patient. Its sensitivity to antibiotics has been detected: penicillin – the zone of growth inhibition 8 mm, oxacillin – 9 mm, ampicillin – 10 mm, gentamycin – 22 mm, lincomycin – 11mm. Which antibiotic should be chosen for treatment? *Gentamycin Oxacillin Ampicillin Lincomycin Penicillin *08* A patient consulted a stomatologist about purulent inflammation of his gums. What drug will be the most effective if it suspected that a causative agent is an anaerobe? Metronidazole Gentamicin Co-trimoxazole Nitroxaline Oxacillin sodium *08* A patient with bacterial pneumonia was prescribed benzipenicillin. What is the mechanism of its antibacterial effect? Abnormal permeability of cytoplasmic membrane Antagonism with p-amino-benzoic acid Inhibition of synthesis of microorganism wall Inhibition of SH-groups of microorganism enzymes Inhibition of intracellular protein synthesis Immunity
b-12 In order to speed up healing of a wound of oral mucosa a patient was prescribed a drug that is a thermostable protein occuring in tears, saliva, mother's milk as well as in a new-laid hen's egg. It is known that this protein is a factor of natural resistance of an organism. What is it called?
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