Blockchain Revolution


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Blockchain Revolution

Peers Inc. (Chase), 137

Peer-to-peer sharing economy, 17–18 PeerTracks, 238–39

Performance rights organizations (PROs), 229 PermaRec, 76–77

Permissioned blockchains, 67–68, 86

Personal avatars, 14–16, 45, 99, 204

Personal BlackBox Company, 43, 46, 48, 49, 81, 178

Picopayments, 191–92, 233



Piketty, Thomas, 173, 175

Piscini, Eric, 68, 76, 185



Plain Writing Act of 2010, 213

Platform builders, 136–38, 304



Poisson process, 32

Policing costs, 230–31

Policy networks, 302

Political balkanization, 212–13



Political parties, 210–11

Political reputations, 210–11 Porter, Michael, 110–11, 314n Power grids, 145–50 Prahalad, C. K., 110

Prediction markets, 84–85, 98, 220, 224–25 Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), 40

Privacy, 27–28, 41–45, 141

bAirbnb and, 116

Big Brother, 244, 274–75

breakthrough, 42–44



free speech and free press, 243–46 government and, 202, 204, 274–75

implications, 44–45

preserving right of, 48–49, 202

principle of, 41

problem to be solved, 41–42 Privacy and Big Data Institute, 27, 275 Private blockchains, 67–68

Procter & Gamble, 95



Productivity, 93, 108, 110, 155, 162

Productivity paradox, 57 Proof of activity, 32 Proof of asset, 38

Proof of burn, 315n Proof of capacity, 32 Proof of disk, 262

Proof of Existence (PoE), 46 Proof of property, 38

Proof of stake, 32, 40–41, 262 Proof of storage, 32–33

Proof of work (PoW), 31, 32, 35, 41, 46, 241, 259, 262

51 percent attack, 67, 266–67, 269 Property management, in IoTs, 159–60

Property records, 8, 19–20, 51, 188–89, 193–95, 198

Property rights, 19–20, 48–49, 188–90

Prosperity, 4, 17–23, 182–88. See also Microfinance; Remittances

asset ownership, 193–95

humanitarian aid, 20–21, 188–92

implementation challenges and leadership opportunities, 195–96 road map to, 178–81

Prosperity paradox, 51, 172–75

Prosperity passport, 177–78

Prosperity purgatory, 175–76

Prosumers, 136–37, 180–81

Protocols, 271–72

Public discourse, 212–13



Publicity rights, 48–49

Public key infrastructure (PKI), 39–40, 43

Public ledgers, 242

Public policy and implementation, 213–14, 302 Public value, partnering to create, 209–10 Putin, Vladimir, 244

Pyramid of rights, 48
Quantum computing, 277
Rajgopal, Kausik, 194

Ramamurthi, Suresh, 73

Random-sample elections, 219



Reagan, Ronald, 199

Real estate, 159–60

Re-architecting the firm, 21–22, 87–114. See also New business models building ConsenSys, 87–92, 112–14

changing boundaries of the firm, 92–109 determining corporate boundaries, 109–14

Record keeping, 159, 205



Record labels, 228–31, 234–35, 236

Recruiting process, search costs, 96–97, 98

Recycling equipment, 261–62

Red Cross, 20–21, 188–90

Reddit, 88, 129, 130, 248, 301



Redistributed capitalism, 25, 49, 163

Reduced instruction set computer (RISC), 260–61 Regulation (regulators), 9, 174, 289–93, 295



governance vs., 296–97

players in blockchain ecosystem, 286–87 role in financial services industry, 70 World Wide Ledger, 75–76



Remittances, 20, 59, 182–88

Analie’s story, 182–83, 186–87

Renewable energy, 148, 149–50 Reporters Without Borders, 244

Representative democracy, 211–12, 214–15

Reputation, 12, 16, 37

bAirbnb and, 116 credit score and, 79–82 fair music industry, 234



financial services, 63, 64, 79–82, 84 networked integrity and, 30–33 peer production and, 130–31 political, 210–11

Request for proposal (RFP), 160 Resiliency, 84, 148–49, 154

Resource extraction, 157–58 Retail banking services, 71–73



Retail operations and sales, in IoTs, 161

Revelator, 238

Rich databases, 233

Rights creators, 132–34, 234

Rights preservation, 45–49, 202 “Right to be forgotten,” 78 Ripple, 32, 37, 94, 257, 262

Ripple Labs, 59, 67

Risk management, 59–60, 63, 64, 116 Rivest, Ron, 320n



Robles Elvira, Eduardo, 218, 219

Rodriguez, Keonne, 266, 274

Ronen V, 132–33

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 34 Rossiello, Elizabeth, 287

Roth, Kenneth, 200

Royalties, 229–31, 232, 233

R3 Consortium, 69–70, 305

Russia, 9, 243–44, 253–54
Safaricom, 176

Sales, 161, 179

Salesforce Chatter, 139

Salesforce.com, 118



Santander, 58

Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 74

Satoshi Nakamoto, 5, 6, 133

design principles, 29–31, 34–37, 39–42, 50, 152, 282, 308

implementation challenges, 256, 263, 269



Scalability, 152, 285, 288

Scaling Bitcoin, 288

Scalingbitcoin.org, 305

Scaling ignorance, 213

Scenario planning, 223



Schelling, Thomas, 279

Scherbius, Arthur, 27

Schmidt, Eric, 270

Schneider, Nathan, 259

Search costs, 95–99, 121–22, 142

Secure hash algorithm (SHA-256), 32, 40, 259 Secure multiparty computation, 28

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 83 Security, 39–41, 141, 314n



bAirbnb and, 116

breakthrough, 39–41

government and, 202

implications, 41

principle of, 39

problem to be solved, 39, 255

Self-Aware Systems, 46

Self-launched musicians, 235–37

Self-service, 207–11

Sequence search, 97

Serial expropriation, 200

Service aggregators, 17–18, 134–35, 164–65



SETLcoin, 70

Settlement risk, 59

Seven design principles. See Design principles ShapeShift, 260



Shapiro, Melanie, 287

Shareholders, 11, 78–79, 100, 107, 125–28

Sharing economy, 17–18, 134–35, 187

Sidechains, 60

Silbert, Barry, 86, 284

Silk Road, 9, 276

Simplified payment verification (SPV), 50 Simpson, Arianna, 287

Skogstad, Anselm, 240

Skynet, 273

Slack, 89



Smart contracts, 101–3, 109, 126, 142, 219 aid groups and, 190

DApps, 120, 121



definition of, 101–2

MFIs and, 192

multisig authentication, 103–5 ownership rights and, 46–48

for political reputations, 210–11 Smart devices, 150–54

economic payoffs, 161–64

future developments, 164–67 hacking your future, 168–69 twelve disruptions, 156–61

Smart homes, 161, 275

Smart locks, 117

Smart pills, 151, 158



Smartwallet, 83, 131, 153

Snow Crash (Stephenson), 38, 315n Snowden, Edward, 243

Social contracts, 99

Social energy, 148–50

Social production, 129–32

Social Security, 80, 176

Societal change, 257–58

Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT), 42, 59, 262 Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC), 229

Song, Dawn, 288

Sony Music Entertainment, 229, 230

Soul of a New Machine, The (Kidder), 150 Spain, Agora Voting, 218–19

Spam, 34, 39, 255, 321n

Spotify, 88, 229, 230, 239, 319n

Srinivasan, Balaji, 178–79

Stakeholders, 262

Standards networks, 304–6



Stark, Elizabeth, 288

Steiner, Peter, 3

Stellar, 32, 37, 170–71

Stellar Development Foundation, 170–71 Stephenson, Neal, 315

Stiglitz, Joseph, 35–36, 57, 107



Storing value, in financial services, 61–62, 64

Storj, 95, 120



Streaming music, 229, 230

Streaming open and trusted data, 208–9 Streamium, 233

Student debt, 248–49

SUber, 165–67

Subledger, 73–74

Surveillance, 25, 42, 44–45, 212, 243–44, 274–75

Swan, Melanie, 110, 204, 224, 247–49

Sybil attacks, 36, 37, 315n

Systemic risk, 59

Szabo, Nick, 4–5, 37, 101–2, 255
Talking Heads, 227, 228

“Taps,” 146–47



Tapscott, Bob, 261, 268

Taylor, Simon, 75

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), 43, 50 Technology

democracy and, 212–14

as implementation challenge, 254–58 Termen, Lev Sergeyevich, 253–54, 277 Terms of third-party engagement, 234 Tezos, 95

Theory of the firm, 92–93, 100, 105–6, 121, 319n

Theremin, 253–54



Thiel, Peter, 93–94

360-degree deals, 229

Ticoll, David, 25, 109, 134

Tinsley, Michelle, 155

Title registration, 8, 19–20, 51, 188–89, 193–95, 198



Todd, Peter, 133, 268

Tools of abundance, 178–79

Top-down management, 89, 92, 106

Tor, 263

Torvalds, Linus, 88, 282

Totalitarianism, 34, 52, 141, 145

TradeNet, 165

Trading volume, 256

Transactional capacity, 255



Transaction costs, 92–93, 95–101, 107, 142, 193, 269

Transparency, 10, 11, 298 aid groups and, 190–91

design principles and, 30, 39, 41, 44, 45



financial services and, 66–67, 77

government and political institutions, 205, 210, 296

MFIs and, 192

music and, 232–33, 236

Transportation, 137, 156–57, 164–67, 206



Treat, David, 70

Triple-entry accounting, 77, 78–79, 180

Trump, Donald, 210 Trust

achieving in the digital age, 10–11 costs of (re-)building, 107–9, 143

networked integrity, 30–33

in political institutions, 201–2 Trust Barometer, 10

Trusted data, 208–9

Trusted systems. See Walled gardens Trust protocol, 4–6, 58, 309–11

Turing completeness, 278

22Hertz, 237–38

Twister, 246



Twoway peg, 60
Uber, 17, 118, 134, 135, 164–65, 270

Ulbricht, Ross William, 9

Unbanked and underbanked, 170–72, 175–78

Unemployment, 173

UNESCO, 249

UNICEF, 189–90

Unicoin, 190 Unique node list, 32

Universal Music, 229, 230 Usage data analytics, 233–34 Utility grids, 145–50


Value as incentive, 35–39, 202

Value innovation, 60

Value templates, 232

Vavilov, Valery, 261, 268 “Vectors of disruption,” 163 Vegetabile, Andrew, 267

Venture capitalists (VCs), 284, 287

Ver, Roger, 263, 284

VeriCoin, 266

VerifyID, 116

Verisart, 133

Vertical search, 97

Virtru Corporation, 40

Virtual private networks (VPNs), 118 Visa, 187–88

Vogogo, 72

Voorhees, Erik, 56, 81–82, 260, 284 Voter ID fraud, 217

Voter intimidation, 216–17

Voter turnout, 200–201

Voting, 198, 202, 214–15, 218–19

electronic (e-voting), 198, 215–17


Waldemeyer, Moritz, 228

Wales, Jimmy, 282

Walled gardens, 13, 70, 265 Warner Music Group, 229 Wassenaar Arrangement, 243–44 Waste management, in IoTs, 157 Watchdog networks, 303–4 Water management, in IoTs, 157

Wealth of Networks, The (Benkler), 277 Wealth tax, 173

WeatherDApp, 124–25

Weathernet, 123–24

WeatherNodes, 123–25, 147, 158

Western Union, 20, 56, 115, 185–86, 187–88

WhatsApp, 184

White, Derek, 68–69

Wikinomics, 128, 137

Wikipedia, 12, 129, 130–32, 282

Wilkins, Carolyn, 9, 294, 295–96

Williamson, Oliver, 93–94, 100, 105–6, 320n

Windowing strategy, 235–36

Winklevoss, Tyler, 175, 255–56, 301



Winter, Alex, 21

Wisdom of the crowds, 84–85, 221



WISeKey, 11, 14, 154, 204

Women leaders in blockchain, 287–89 Wong, Pindar, 300, 305



Wood, Gavin, 119

World Bank, 193, 295, 300

World Economic Forum (WEF), 175, 270, 306 World Health Organization, 281

World Trade Organization, 281

World Wide Ledger, 6–8, 75–77, 95–96, 142

World Wide Web Consortium, 271, 299

Wozniak, Steve, 129, 274

Wright, Aaron, 103, 258, 264, 265, 293


YouTube, 230, 234, 235, 236
Zeall, Anson, 217

Zelaya, Manuel, 193

Zero to One (Thiel), 94

Zimbabwe, voter intimidation, 216–17 Zipcar, 134, 137, 187



Zyskind, Guy, 27–28

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