o f dreams and fantasy, into the realm of beauty. They idealized
the patriarchal way of life and criticized the existing society
chiefly for its anti-aesthetism. Russian literary critics ca: led them
decadents. (English and American literary critics call them the
writers belonging to the Aesthetic trend). The decadent art, or
the art belonging to the aesthetic trend appreciated the outer form
o f art more than the content.
Though the decadent writers saw the vices o f the surrounding
world, and in some of their works we find a truthful and critical
description o f contemporary life; on the whole their inner world
lacks depth. They were firm in their opinion that it was impossible
to better the world. They conveyed the idea that everyone must
strive for his own private happiness, avoid suffering and enjoy
life at all costs. The decadent writers created their own cult of
beauty and proclaimed the theory of “pure art”; their motto was
“art for art’s sake”. (Oscar Wilde /partially/, John Ruskin).
Besides, the end of the 19lh century also created writers who
were interested in human society as a whole (B.Shaw,
J.Galsworthy), and a new type of a writer who was preoccupied
with the future of mankind (Herbert Wells).
Thomas Hardy
(1840-1928)
Thomas Hardy was born in southwestern England, western
Dorsetshire. His father, a skilled stone-mason, taught his son to
play violin and sent him to a country day school. At the age of
fifteen Hardy began to study architecture, and in 1861 he went to
London to begin a career. There he tried poetry, then a career as
an actor, and finally decided to write fiction.
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