Can And Could

Can And Could

-can ham ingliz tilida modal fe’l hisoblanadi. -can ingliz tiliga qila olmoq deb tarjima qilinadi. I,he,she,it,we,you,they+can ishlatamiz.

I can play the piano. (Men piyanina chala olaman).
-could -canning o’tgan zamon shakli. -could ayniqsa quyidagilar bilan ishlatiladi:
see-ko’rmoq hear-eshitmoq smell-hid taste-maza
feel-his qilmoq remember-eslab qolmoq understand-tushunmoq
My grandfather could speak five language.
(Mening bobom beshta tilda gaplasha olgan)

Inkor shaklida can+not yuklamasidan foydalanamiz.
Sarah can not speak English. (Sarah ingliz tilida gapira olmaydi)

So’roqda esa can+s (ega) dan oldinga o’tadi.

(A: Sen suza olasanmi?)
(B:Ha, lekin yaxshi suzuvchi emasman)

(Tom, zontigini qarzga olib tursam bo’ladimi?)
Exercises 1. Bu gaplarni to’diring. can yoki can’t+fe’llardan birini foydalanib.
Javoblari

Exercises 2. Bu gaplarni to’ldiring. can’t yoki couldn’t+fe’llardan birini foydalanib.

can/could modal fe'llari ishlatilishi
▪️ can modal fe'li hozirgi zamonda biror ish qilishga qobiliyat yoki imkoniyat borligini bildiradi.
🔸Look! I can play football quite well. (Qarang, men futbolni ancha yaxshi oʻynay olaman.)
🔸 You can look after your dog while you are away. Don't worry. (Men sizning itingizga siz yo'q payti qarab tura olaman. Tashvishlanmang.)
🔸I can't swim so I can't come to the pool with you.
🔸She can't translate the text, she doesn't know Spanish.
▪️ Qo'llanish shakli: 🔸Positive form: Ega + can+ infinitive (V1). 🔸Negative form: Ega + can not (can't)+ infinitive (V1). 🔸Question form: Can + ega+ infinitive (V1)?
▪️ can modal fe'li ba'zan kelajak zamondagi payt ravishlari bilan qoʻllanishi ham mumkin. Bunday vaziyatlarda can imkoniyat ma'nosida qoʻllaniladi.
🔸He can't (won't be able to) come to the party tomorrow. (U ertaga ziyofatga kelolmaydi.)
💡Kelajakda biror ishni qila olish qobiliyatini ifodalash uchun esa will be able to+V1 shakli qoʻllaniladi.
🔸The baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. (Chaqaloq bir necha haftadan keyin yurib ketadi.)
▪️ could -/kəd/ modal fe'li oʻtgan zamonda biror ish qilishga qobiliyat yoki imkoniyat boʻlganligini bildiradi.
▪️ Qo'llanish shakli: 🔸Positive form: Ega + can+ infinitive (V1). 🔸Negative form: Ega + can not (can't)+ infinitive (V1). 🔸Question form: Can + ega+ infinitive (V1)?
🔸He could read when he was only four. (U to'rt yoshidayoq o'qiy olardi)
🔸I couldn't understand the people when I came here last year because I didn't know the language.
🔸Could you write when you were five?
▪️ Yuqoridagi ma'nolarda can/could modal fe'llarining vazifadoshi sifatida be able to+V1 qurilmasini qoʻllashimiz mumkin.
🔸I can't speak Spanish = I am not able to speak Spanish.
🔸I couldn't understand = I wasn't able to understand.
⚠️Biroq can, could modal fe'llari yuqoridagi ma'nolarda faqat hozirgi zamonda va oʻtgan zamonda qoʻllana oladi, boshqa zamonlarda be able to +V1 qurilmasi qoʻllanishi lozim.
▪️ Future Simple - Ega + will be able to+V1
▪️ Present Perfect simple - Ega + have/has been able to+V1
▪️ Past Perfect simple - Ega + had been able to+V1
🔸He will be able to walk in a few days. (U bir necha kunday keyin yurib keta oladi)
🔸I haven't been able to sleep recently. (Men oxirgi paytlarda uxlay olmayapman)
🔸I had been able to finish the task before the committee came. (Men vazifani qo'mita kelishidan oldin tugatishga ulgurdim)
▪️ Boshqa modal fe'llardan keyin ham faqat be able to+V1 qurilmasi qoʻllaniladi (misol uchun, may/might/should/must/used to qurilmalaridan keyin):
🔸I used to be able to stand on my head. (Men boshimda tura olardim)
🔸He may be able to come to the party. (U ziyofatga kela olishi mumkin)
▪️ Oʻzidan keyin fe'lning gerund yoki infinitive shaklini talab qiladigan ba'zi fe'llardan keyin ham faqat be able to +V1 qurilmasi qoʻllaniladi:
🔸I enjoy being able to understand the language of animals.
🔸I would like to be able to fly.