Classic poetry series
a. Hyperbole/Overstatement
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a. Hyperbole/Overstatement
In line 1 of the third stanza: “Look on the rising sun: there God does live” 53
In line 2 of the first sixth: “And thus I say to little English boy” In line 1 of the seventh stanza: “I‟ll shade him from the heat till he can bear” Some lines above use Figurative language of Hyperbole or Overstatement, because from that lines use an extravagant or exaggerated statement to express strong feelings. Their meanings are not meant to be taken literally. b. Litotes/Understatement In line 1 of the second stanza: “My mother taught me underneath a tree” In line 1 of the fourth stanza: “And we are put on earth a little space” In line 3 of the fourth stanza: “And these black bodies and this sunburn face”
In line 1 of the fifth stanza: “For when our souls have learned the heat to bear” In line 3 of the sixth stanza: “When I from black and he from white cloud free” In line 2 of the seventh stanza: “To learn in joy upon our Father‟s knee”
From some lines of poem above, we can conclude that they use languages which are opposite to what is expected or less than expected. The lines have purpose to scorn their self, and emphasizing the magnitude of a statement by denying its opposite.
In line 4 of the second stanza: “And, pointed to the east, began to say” In line 3 of the fifth stanza: “Saying, „Come out from the grove, my love and care” 54
In line 3 of the seventh stanza: “And then I‟ll stand and stroke his silver hair” Some lines above use Metaphor. It‟s mean use direct comparison which does not require special key words. It is in which two "essentially unlike things" are shown to have a type of resemblance or create a new image.
In line 2 of the fourth stanza: “That we may learn to bear the beams of love”.
That line mentioned above use Metonymy, because they use words which describe something indirectly by referring to thing around it, such as describing someone are clothing to characterize the individual.
In line 2 of the first stanza: “And I am black, but oh my soul is white!” In line 4 of the third stanza: “Comfort in morning, joy in the noonday” The line includes figurative language of Paradox, because it is a term in rhetoric for a situation or statement that is or seems contradictory, but may contain an insight into life.
In line 2 of the second stanza: “And, sitting down before the heat of day”
In line 2 of the fifth stanza: “They cloud will vanish, we shall hear His voice”
In line 1 of the sixth stanza: “Thus did my mother say, and kissed me” Some of lines above include in Pun. In that line, there are plays of words which an expression intended for a humorous or rhetorical effect by exploiting different meanings of words, sometimes on different senses of the same word and on the similar sense or sound of different words.
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