In a semiconductor detector electron-hole pairs are collected by applying a voltage. In a scintillation detector the collection process is different. When a gamma-ray photon deposits its energy in a luminescent material (scintillator), it causes electrons to be excited to higher energy levels in the material.
Such tools are often called radiation detectors; there are two types of solid materials that are most commonly used for radiation detectors. One is semiconductors, and the other is luminescent materials known as scintillators and storage phosphors.
an act or instance of scintillating. especially : rapid changes in the brightness of a celestial body. : a spark or flash emitted in scintillating. : a flash of light produced in a phosphor by an ionizing event.
Luxel body dosimeters are among the most sensitive dosimeters available. The minimum detectable dose is 1 millirem for x-rays and gamma rays and 10 millirem for energetic beta radiation.
There are two kinds of radiation: non-ionizing radiation and ionizing radiation. Non-ionizing radiation has enough energy to move atoms in a molecule around or cause them to vibrate, but not enough to remove electrons from atoms.
There are two main types of detectors: photon detectors and thermal detectors. All detectors have similar characteristics: The output of a detector must respond to changes in the incident light intensity. The ability to respond is expressed by quantities such as responsivity, sensitivity, and dynamic range.
They offer energy conversion efficiency, good probability for the photoelectric effect when compared to the organic scintillators. The disadvantage of using inorganic scintillators is that they are not that easy to handle since they are vulnerable to impact and shock and also deliquesent.
Disadvantages of Scintillation Counters. Hygroscopicity. A disadvantage of some inorganic crystals, e.g., NaI, is their hygroscopicity, a property which requires them to be housed in an airtight container to protect them from moisture. NaI(Tl) has no beta or alpha response and poor low energy gamma response.
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