Comparison of China's direct investment in Asia, Europe and America 中国在亚洲、欧洲和美洲的经济和直接投资比较

2.5.2 Analysis of the industrial structure and market supply and demand of the five Asian countries

The rationalization of industrial structure is measured by the development level of the tertiary industry. As the raw material base in the Soviet Union, the Central Asian countries implemented industrial division for a long time, resulting in relatively simple economic structure. First, the coordination is poor, and the proportion of the tertiary industry is unbalanced: the proportion of the tertiary industry is low, the secondary industry is seriously unbalanced, the proportion of light industry is small and lags behind, the raw material industry develops rapidly, and the processing industry lags behind seriously (7). In recent years, Central Asian countries have made some adjustments in industrial structure and gradually established their industrial systems. However, the weakest one is still the light industry system. In 2019, the proportion of industries in various countries, Kazakhstan: 5 3%:9.3%:55.4%, Uzbekistan: 28.1%:28.7%:43.2%, Tajikistan: 33%:20,1%:46,9%, Turkmenistan: 22.1%:41.5%: 33.4%, Tajikistan: 24 2%; 26.6%; 49.2%. From the perspective of industrial structure, the higher the degree of modernization of a country, the higher the proportion of the secondary and tertiary industries in the gross national product. It can be seen from the above that only Turkmenistan has a high degree of industrialization, while the rest of the countries have a low degree of industrialization. This situation of the industrial structure of Central Asian countries determines some basic characteristics of the Central Asian market and affects the economy and trade of Central Asian countries.
Analysis of market supply and demand: among the primary products, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan are self-sufficient in grain, while Tajikistan and Turkey are not self-sufficient and need to import from abroad. Among the industrial products, the market capacity of mineral products in most central Asian countries tends to be saturated, while the supply of a variety of industrial products such as finished rolled products, machinery and equipment, instruments and meters, as well as light industrial products is insufficient and the gap is large. Especially for light industrial products, the self-sufficiency rate of consumer goods is very low, and more than 70% of the products of all countries need to be imported; Central Asian countries rely on imports for more than 90% of their electronic products, such as TV sets, microwave ovens, tape recorders, VCDs, electronic toys, electronic dictionaries, batteries, music combinations, language repeaters, and small household appliances; The demand for mobile phones, SPC exchanges, optical fiber communication and other communication products and communication equipment is increasing day by day, and the demand for computer products is also gradually increasing; The infrastructure construction and construction industry in Central Asian countries are lagging behind, and there is a large gap in building materials, decoration materials, construction equipment and technology; The self-sufficiency rate of most drugs and medical equipment is also low. The vast majority of them need to be imported from abroad. The power facilities and equipment in the five Central Asian countries need to be updated. The power required is basically imported from Russia. With the economic development, the demand for power will increase. The demand potential for power related facilities and equipment such as wires, cables, generators, power technology, water-saving and power-saving technology is huge.