Consonant

The Consonant Sounds with their Most Common Letter and Letter Combinations

November 5, 2020lucyteachchildren2 Comments

There are 24 consonant sounds in the English language. A consonant sound is made (produced) when the air flow is being restricted in some way, which means that the mouth doesn’t open as wide and so the jaw doesn’t drop noticeably, which is different from vowel sounds.
Here is a list of just some of the most commonly seen letter and letter combinations used to represent the 24 consonant sounds. For a more comprehensive lists check out our English Phoneme Chart or Alphabet Keyboard which can be found on our ‘Phonemes’ page: bit.ly/1Qgc9dA

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  /b,(b)/ bin, rabbit
  
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  /k,(k)/ cat, key, duck, queen, anchor, broccoli
  
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  /ch,(ʧ)/ church, watch
  
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  /d,(d)/ dog, ladder, towed
  
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  /f,(f)/ fish, puffin, phone, laugh
  
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  /g,(g)/ girl, digger, ghost
  
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  /h,(h)/ hen, who
  
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  /j,(ʤ)/ jigsaw, giant, bridge
  
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  /l,(l)/ lion, llama
  
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  /m,(m)/ man, hammer, lamb
  
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  /n,(n)/ nest, penny, knife, gnome
  
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  /ng,(ŋ)/ king, sink
  
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  /p,(p)/ panda, hippo
  
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  /r,(r)/ robin, lorry, wrist
  
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  /s,(s)/ sun, dress, city, geese, castle
  
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  /sh,(ʃ)/ ship, chef, delicious, initials, sugar
  
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  /t,(t)/ tent, butterfly, jumped
  
• 
  /th,(θ)/ thumb
  
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  /th,(ð)/ feather, breathe
  
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  /v,(v)/ van, sleeve, of
  
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  /w,(w)/ well, whale, penguin
  
• 
  /y,(j)/ yo-yo, euro
  
• 
  /z,(z)/ zero, puzzle, sneeze, cheese, is
  
• 
  /zh,(Ʒ)/ measure, television
  

PhonicsConsonant Sounds, Consonants, International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), Phonemes, Phonics, Received Pronounced English

What are Vowels and Consonants?

October 9, 2020lucyteachchildren2 Comments

The English Language is created through the different combinations of 44 sounds (phonemes), 20 vowels and 24 consonants. In our written language we refer to the letters of the alphabet as being consonant or vowel letters depending on which type of sound they are representing.
Vowel sounds allow the air to flow freely, causing the chin to drop noticeably, whilst consonant sounds are produced by restricting the air flow.
Vowel sounds are usually (in the UK Education System) split into two main categories based on sound quality:

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  ‘Short’ vowel sounds, due to the short duration of the sound being made. The sound cannot be held onto without becoming distorted
  
• 
  ‘Long’ vowel sounds, due to the length of their pronunciation. These can often be held without distorting their sound.
  

The letters of the alphabet that we normally associate as being the vowel letters are: a, e, i, o and u. The letter ‘y’ is sometimes referred to as an honorary or semi vowel as it is used to replace one of the other vowel letters in words such as: fly, shy, why or my.
All words in the English language have at least one vowel sound in them so the written version must have at least one vowel letter in it.
Consonant sounds are made (produced) when the air flow is being restricted in some way, for example, changes in tongue position resulting in the mouth not opening as wide. This means that the jaw doesn’t drop noticeably, which is different to vowel sounds.
The letters of the alphabet that usually represent the consonant sounds are: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z. 
PhonicsConsonant Sounds, Consonants, Letters of the Alphabet, Long Vowel Sounds, Phonemes, Short Vowel Sounds, Vowels