GLOSSARY
Alliteration - a literary device that reflects repetition in two or more nearby words of initial consonant sounds.
Allusion - a reference, typically brief, to a person, place, thing, event, or other literary work with which the reader is presumably familiar.
Determinism - basically the opposite of the notion of free will. For determinism, the idea that individual characters have a direct influence on the course of their lives is supplanted by a focus on nature or fate.
Literary realism - a literary genre, part of the broader realism in arts, that attempts to represent subject-matter truthfully, avoiding speculative fiction and supernatural elements.
Metaphor - a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two non-similar things. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without the express use of “like” or “as.”
Naturalism - a literary movement beginning in the late nineteenth century, similar to literary realism in its rejection of Romanticism, but distinct in its embrace of determinism, detachment, scientific objectivism, and social commentary.
Objectivism - a peculiar philosophy formulated by novelist Ayn Rand. It sports a range of convoluted tenets, but is most infamous for redefining greed as the prime moral virtue — and, to take things even further, literally redefining altruism as evil.
Pessimism - a negative mental attitude in which an undesirable outcome is anticipated from a given situation. Pessimists tend to focus on the negatives of life in general.
Realism - depicts things as they appear, while naturalism portrays a deterministic view of a character’s actions and life.
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) - an artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.
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