Course paper the theme: stress in compound words and word combinations

The topicality of the course paper is the importance of stress in compound words.
The aim of the course paper is to analyze the use of stress and its role in compound words and word combinations.
The aim directs us to discuss the following problems to reveal the theme and achieve desired goal. So the tasks are:
- to analyze stress in English language;
- to study stress types in phonetics;
- to study word stress and its types;
- to analyze the role of stress in compound words and word combinations;
The theoretical value of this work is that the presented theories can be used in seminars and lectures and of course it can be used as a material for the researches on the theme as a research of masters degree.
The practical value of the course paper is that the analyzed examples can be used in seminars and lectures on Phonetics and at the practical lessons.
The structure of the course paper consists of introduction, three chapters, conclusion and the list of used literature.
Introduction states the actuality, the aim the reason, the methods of the course paper. It also gives brief information about the plot of the work.
Chapter I is devoted to study the theoritical background of stress in English and its types.
Chapter II is devoted to study the role of stress in words such as compound words and word combinations.
Conclusion deals with the results of the investigation on using stress.
The list of used literature reflects list of literature and sources used in carrying on the theme chosen under discussion.
CHAPTER 1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF STRESS

1. 
   PACULARITIES OF STRESS
   

The term 'stress' occurs in many usages in the conventional vocabulary of phonetics and phonology in ways which involve intonation, and which can cause confusion if not well understood. These usages include 'sentence stress', 'nuclear stress' and 'emphatic stress'. Sentence stress is simply another term for the placement of the nuclear intonational tone. Given the role of the nuclear tone in boosting the stressed syllable of a given word by ensuring that it is the most prominent of all the words in the intonational phrase, the use of a term like 'sentence stress' has an obvious interpretability. The interaction of lexical stress and sentence stress can be seen in the four different patterns of sentence stress (shown by underlined syllables), superimposed on an utterance with an unvarying pattern of lexical stress, illustrated below:

The 'pictures that are dis'played in the 'library are 'certainly 'competent
The 'pictures that are dis'played in the 'library are 'certainly 'competent
The 'gictures that are dis'played in the library are 'certainly 'competent
The 'pictures that are dis'played in the 'library are 'certainly 'competent

The dominant role of pitch in conveying stress patterns gives stress the most intimately interactive relationship with other linguistic and pragmatic uses of pitch, notably in intonation. The placement of the nuclear intonational tone in all languages using an intonational system is always, except in very special circumstances, coincident with a lexically stressed syllable. When the intonational nuclear tone does fall on the lexically stressed syllable of a word, the pitch-pattern used for the manifestation of the tone will reinforce and exaggerate that used for the realization of lexical stress, if both involve a falling pitch-pattern. If the nuclear tone is rising, it will over-ride the falling pitch-pattern normally associated with the phonetic realization of lexical stress.