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Diseases of livestock and Uzbekistan

Animals are the main part of human life. They provide chiefly milk and milk production also meat.These products contain high percent of protein is a source of energy.To get more nutrition people try to feed animals improving its efficiency.Animals are unable to express their feelings with words if they have problem in their internal diseases or virus infection.So thats why people learn how to determine its illnes. Animals act unusual,or take rest long time on lying its place,or have difficulties digestion as well eating and so many symptoms can appear.As an example Foot and Mouth disease . 
  
We can meet this illnes mainly in livestock including cattle,swine,goats and other cloven-hoofed ruminants.It can be severe and highly contagious viral diseases of livestock.Generally, each livestock diseases significant impact to economy.Foot and Mouth (FMD) diseases lead to death inferior in adult to than young animals. FMD is characterised by fever and blister-like sores on the tongue and lips, in the mouth, on the teats and between the hooves. 
  
The aphthovirus belonging to the Picornaviridae family that causes FMD is the causative agent. There are seven strains that are native to various nations throughout the world (A, O, C, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, and Asia1). Each strain needs a unique vaccination to provide inoculated animals protection. 
  
Clinical symptoms will depend on the strain of virus, the age , the species of animals and the host immunity. Morbidity can reach 100% in susceptible populations. Mortality is generally low in adult animals (1–5%), but higher in young calves, lambs and piglets (20% or higher). The incubation period is 2–14 days. Other frequent symptoms are fever, depression, hypersalivation, loss of appetite, weight loss, growth retardation and a drop in milk production, which can persist even after recovery. 
  
Death may occur before appearance of blisters due to a multifocal myocarditis and other sides. 
The majority of Africa, the Middle East, and some regions of Asia are all affected by the endemic foot-and-mouth disease. The majority of Latin American nations use zoning and are recognized as being FMD-free, either with or non vaccination. 
FMD is not now present in Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Central and North America, or continental Western Europe. FMD, on the other hand, is a transboundary animal illness that might sporadically manifest itself in any generally uninhabited location. 
  
In Uzbekistan countries mainly Samarkand, Andijon regions FMD can meet among cattles,sheep,goats. The vaccination is free against to the contagious diseases in Uzbekistan. There are about 13 million cattle in Uzbekistan, and more than 90 percent of them are raised by small farmers.If disease signs may appear, immediately it should be separated from others , take care separately. The required time should be observed very carefully, such as a decrease in the animal's appetite, an increase in body temperature, specific swellings in the mouth, nasal cavity, between the hooves, and the appearance of blisters in the above-mentioned various viral diseases. . They should be isolated immediately, the district veterinarian should be invited, prevention and treatment should be carried out urgently. As soon as symptoms similar to this disease appear, even before the laboratory diagnosis is completed, the veterinary service immediately vaccinates the public, i.e., vaccination is carried out by veterinary doctors in a ten kilometer radius around the outbreak. 100,000-150,000 doses of vaccine are permanently stored in each region to cover this enter. 

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