Engineering Principles of Agricultural Machines 2nd Edition

Chapter 8
Soil Tillage 
169
Introduction................................................................................................................ 169

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8.1 
Tillage Methods and Equipm ent................................................................... 169
8.1.1 
Primary tillage in conventional tillage systems..................................... 170
8.1.2 
Secondary tillage in conventional tillage systems................................. 179
8.1.3 
Tillage in conservation tillage system s.................................................. 184
8.2 
Mechanics of Tillage Tools............................................................................. 185
8.2.1 
Soil texture................................................................................................ 185
8.2.2 
Physical properties of so ils......................................................................187
8.2.3 
Mechanical properties of so ils................................................................ 189
8.2.4 
Mechanics of a simple tillage to o l..........................................................200
8.3 
Performance of Tillage Implements.............................................................. 207
8.3.1 
Moldboard plow s......................................................................................207
8.3.2 
Disk implements.......................................................................................209
8.3.3 
Cultivators..................................................................................................211
8.3.4 
Rotary tillers.............................................................................................. 214
8.4 
Hitching of Tillage Implements.................................................................... 215
8.4.1 
Forces on tillage to ols.............................................................................. 215
8.4.2 
Pull-type implements............................................................................... 221
8.4.3 
Mounted implements................................................................................ 226
Problems...................................................................................................................... 229