English for musical theatre actors 60211100 Study manual for students of musical theatre actor

Grammar: Direct and indirect speech

Conveying one person's speech to another without changing it is called direct speech. Only the content of a person's sentence using a complement clause delivery is called indirect speech.

Direct speech is usually preceded by a comma. But long texts are preceded by a colon. In English, direct speech is placed at the top of a line both at the beginning and at the end of a sentence. It is divided positive, interrogative and imperative sentences.
When a direct speech is converted into a indirect speech, it is as follows:

Direct speech	Indirect speech
Simple Present	Simple Past
Simple Past, Past Perfect	Past Perfect
Simple Future	Future in the Past
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
Past Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous
Future Continuous	Future Continuous in the Past
Future Perfect	Future Perfect in the Past

Example:

Direct speech

Indirect speech

She said, «I wake up at 7 o’clock» She said, «I’m writing an interesting book» She said, «I have spoken to the director about the roles of work». She said, «I have been waiting for you since four o’clock». She said, «I bought the new dress in Kokand». She said: «I was leaving at seven o’clock». She said, «The contract will be signed in the afternoon». She said, «They will have unloaded the steamer by five o’clock».

She said that she woke up at 7 o’clock. She said that she was writing an interesting book. She said that she had spoken to the director about the roles of work. She said that she had been waiting for me since four o’clock. She said that she had bought the new dress in Kokand. She said that she had been working at seven o’clock. She said that the contract would be signed in the afternoon. She said that they would have unloaded the steamer by five o’clock.

Task 3. Choose the correct form to complete the sentences below
1. “I work in a theatre.” ⇒ He said that he _____ in a theatre.
2. “I am watching performance today.” ⇒ She told us she ______ that day.
3. “I've been famous for a couple of weeks.” ⇒ He told me he ____ for a couple of
weeks.
4. “I was in the cinema all night.” ⇒ She told me that she _______ in the cinema
all night.
5. “I'll borrow you the money .” ⇒ He told me he _______ me the money.
6. “I can't do it without your effect.”⇒ She said she ______ it without my effect.
7. “The performance may start early.” ⇒ He told us that the performance ____ early.
8. “I must leave early today.” ⇒ He said that he _______ early that day.