English Grammar Rules & Mistakes: Learn All of the Essentials: Writing, Speaking, Literature and Punctuation Rules Complete with 10 Key Skills and Over 200 Common Error Examples


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  • , who
though he made $400 million, he remains grounded," the highlighted part is
the dependent clause. Below are some common errors associated with
clauses:
A defining subordinate clause should be introduced with “that,” not “which."
Incorrect: The river which flows through Lisbon is murky.
Correct: 
The river that flows through Lisbon is murky.
A non-defining subordinate clause should be introduced with “which” not
“that” while being separated with two commas.
Incorrect: The Nigerian river Benuethat flows through Niger, is murky
and turbid.
Correct: 
The Nigerian river Benue, which flows through Niger, is murky
and turbid.
A defining subordinate clause should be introduced with “who,” not “whose."
Incorrect: The American military officer whose defeated the Italians
became the president.
Correct: 
The American military officer who defeated the Italians became
the president.


A non-defining subordinate clause should be introduced with “whose,” not
“who” while being separated with two commas.
Incorrect: The King of England, who kingship was the reward for his
heroics, was an unusual man.
Correct: 
The King of England, whose kingship was the reward for his
heroics, was an unusual man.
MCQs: Choose the appropriate options from the statements below:
The Duke of Wellington, _______ peerage was the reward for his patriotism,
was a great man. (A. who B. whose)
Answer: B
The teacher ____ came yesterday is my friend. (A. that B. which)
Answer: A
Run-Ons
A run-on sentence is a common error as a result of merging two sentences
together without the right punctuation. The comma splice or comma fault is
the most common run-on sentence. A comma splice occurs when a comma is
used to separate two sentences in an inappropriate manner.
Examples:
Craig is a brilliant soccer player, he dances in an amazing way.
My mom is such a good cook, she gets angry at the slightest provocation.
To avoid these kinds of errors, do the following:
Use a semicolon.
Incorrect: Racism is not exclusive to any culture, it is a demon we all have
to resist.
Correct: 
Racism is not exclusive to any culture; it is a demon we all have
to resist.


Use three dots (ellipsis).
Incorrect: I could not have been acting funny, I am a poor comedian.
Correct: 
I could not have been acting funny… I am a poor comedian.
Use a colon.
Incorrect: I have a confession, I don’t like making confessions!
Correct: 
I have a confession: I don’t like making confessions!

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