Environmental performance reviews united nations

A
mu
d
ar
ya r
iv
e
r
 - S
us
p
ende
d s
ol
ids
509.00
165.00
85.00
27.90
90.70
65.00
61.90
129.00
194.00
162.00
239.00
- Bi
ol
og
ic
al
ox
yg
en de
m
and (BO
D
)
0.74
0.75
0.96
0.99
0.84
0.71
0.54
1.09
1.25
1.33
1.46
 - A
m
m
oni
um
 
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
 -
 N
it
ra
te
s
1.37
3.24
2.77
3.55
3.42
1.02
0.75
7.25
4.10
2.67
2.04
 - P
hos
p
ha
te
s
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.09
0.02
0.02
S
yr
d
ar
ya r
iv
e
r
 - S
us
p
ende
d s
ol
ids
157.00
22.30
26.00
18.20
41.70
11.50
29.50
25.50
11.20
9.80
10.40
- Bi
ol
og
ic
al
ox
yg
en de
m
and (BO
D
)
1.31
1.62
1.86
2.12
1.91
4.32
4.01
2.28
2.90
3.68
3.10
 - A
m
m
oni
um
 
0.06
0.08
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.13
0.10
0.15
 -
 N
it
ra
te
s
6.95
5.13
6.96
10.02
9.50
7.21
6.29
13.68
11.18
10.95
8.48
 - P
hos
p
ha
te
s
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.10
0.05
0.09
W
as
te
w
at
er
tr
ea
tm
en
t (
av
er
ag
e
re
m
ov
al
ra
te
in
%
)
 - S
us
p
ende
d s
ol
ids
41.23
41.02
38.38
41.22
48.74
54.42
57.39
55.67
- Bi
ol
og
ic
al
ox
yg
en de
m
and (BO
D
)
43.15
46.60
42.85
55.28
65.04
65.22
62.67
58.05
 - A
m
m
oni
um
 
47.20
49.60
50.24
52.00
52.96
58.73
56.77
52.75
 -
 N
it
ra
te
s
27.96
27.57
22.04
38.14
38.61
37.04
45.54
39.62
 - P
hos
p
ha
te
s
47.73
38.67
38.25
A
cc
ide
nt
al
a
nd i
lle
ga
l di
sc
ha
rg
es
of oi
l a
t s
ea
(t
ons
)
Bi
od
iv
e
rs
ity an
d
 l
iv
in
g r
e
sou
rc
e
s
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
P
ro
te
ct
ed
 a
re
as
- T
ot
al
a
re
a (km
2
)
23,276.8
23,276.8
25,235.4
25,346.3
25,964.8
30,055.1
109,002.0
109,002.0
109,002.0
- T
ot
al
a
re
a (% of na
tiona
l t
erri
tory
)
5.2
5.2
5.6
5.6
5.8
6.7
24.3
24.3
24.3
- P
rot
ec
te
d a
re
a of IU
CN
c
at
eg
ori
es
(% of na
tiona
l t
erri
tory
)
Ia
 S
tr
ic
t 
N
at
u
re
 R
es
er
v
e
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
2,089.2
Ib W
il
de
rne
ss
 A
re
a
II N
at
iona
l P
ark
5,987.0
5,987.0
5,987.0
5,987.0
5,987.0
5,997.3
5,997.3
5,997.3
5,997.3
III N
at
ura
l M
onum
ent
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
38.9
38.9
38.9
38.9
38.9
38.9
IV
H
ab
ita
t /
S
pe
ci
es
M
an
ag
em
en
t A
re
a
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
15,166.6
V
 P
ro
te
ct
ed
 L
an
d
sc
ap
e 
/ 
S
ea
sc
ap
e
1,958.6
2,064.6
2,683.1
6,763.1
6,763.1
6,763.1
6,763.1
V
I M
an
ag
ed
R
es
ou
rc
e
Pr
ot
ec
te
d
A
re
a

178 
 
 
 
Bi
od
iv
e
r
s
ity an
d
 l
iv
in
g r
e
s
ou
r
c
e
s
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
F
o
re
s
ts
- T
ot
al
a
re
a (t
hous
and ha
)
1,717.2
1,745.5
1,751.1
1,782.0
- T
ot
al
a
re
a (% of na
tiona
l t
erri
tory
)
 - N
a
tura
lne
s
s
U
ndi
st
urbe
d by
m
an (t
hous
and ha
)
Se
m
i-na
tura
l (t
hous
and ha
)
Pl
ant
at
ion (t
hous
and ha
)
- vol
um
e of t
he
w
ood (t
hous
and m
3
)
- ha
rve
st
ing
int
ens
ity
(ha
rve
st
/g
row
th)
N
um
be
r of e
nda
ng
ere
d s
pe
ci
es
(by
IU
CN
Re
d L
is
t)
66.0
67.0
-
C
rit
ic
al
ly
e
nd
an
ge
re
d
45.0
47.0
- E
nda
ng
ere
d
1.0
 - V
ul
ne
ra
bl
e
136.0
132.0
Indus
tri
al
fi
sh c
at
ch (t
ons
)
88.7
8.2
8.7
8.8
7.8
5.4
4.6
5.1
6.6
- F
rom
fi
sh fa
rm
ing
(t
ons
)
6.1
5.5
5.3
5.4
5.2
3.3
2.4
2.8
3.3
- F
rom
na
tura
l w
at
er bodi
es
(t
ons
)
2.7
2.7
3.4
3.4
2.6
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.3
3.1
3.8
L
an
d
 r
e
s
ou
r
c
e
s
 an
d
 s
oi
l
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
A
ra
bl
e l
and (t
hous
and ha
)
4,077.0
4,061.9
4,056.6
4,056.2
4,052.7
4,042.7
4,049.0
4,057.2
4,064.2
4,068.6
4,071.2
Cul
tiva
te
d l
and (t
hous
and ha
)
4,077.0
4,061.9
4,056.6
4,056.2
4,052.7
4,042.7
4,049.0
4,057.2
4,064.2
4,068.6
4,071.2
S
oi
l e
ros
ion
731.4
731.4
628.4
628.4
628.4
628.4
628.4
628.4
- % of t
ot
al
la
nd
1.64
1.64
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.41
- % of a
gri
cul
tura
l l
and
2.73
2.73
2.43
2.44
2.44
2.44
2.48
2.48
F
e
rt
il
is
e
r us
e
 p
e
r ha
 of c
ul
ti
va
te
d l
a
nd
- M
ine
ra
l fe
rt
ili
ze
rs
(t
hous
and t
ons
/y
ea
r)
586.7
551.2
511.5
563.5
533.2
520.6
470.1
462.4
447.5
- O
rg
ani
c fe
rt
ili
ze
rs
(t
hous
and t
ons
/y
ea
r)
4,400.1
3,307.2
3,203.0
3,996.2
2,622.2
Pe
st
ic
ide
us
e (kg
/ha
)
E
n
e
r
g
y
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
T
ot
al
p
rim
ary
e
ne
rg
y s
up
pl
y (T
PE
S) (M
toe
)
T
ot
al
fi
na
l e
ne
rg
y c
ons
um
pt
ion (T
FC) (M
toe
)
 - by
 fue
l
C
o
a
l
P
e
trol
e
um
 p
roduc
ts
N
at
ur
al
g
as
El
ec
tr
ic
ity
(m
ill
io
n
kW
h)
38,310.8
38,523.5
39,466.5
37,934.4
38,297.4
37,523.5
37,629.0
36,699.1
39,417.0
40,623.3
40,737.5
H
ea
t s
up
pl
y (t
hous
and G
ca
l)
23,286.2
21,563.9
21,838.9
15,963.1
10,770.9
10,593.6
10,324.4
9,776.6
9,816.7
9,640.3
9,043.9
O
th
e
r
 - by
 s
e
c
tor
Indus
try
(m
ill
ion kW
h)
15,917.2
16,210.7
17,534.5
15,737.6
16,242.6
16,164.2
15,784.9
15,830.2
16,074.1
15,724.3
16,772.8
T
ra
ns
port
(m
ill
ion kW
h)
1,155.7
1,149.8
1,219.8
1,226.3
1,211.1
1,181.4
1,304.9
1,353.4
1,299.5
1,253.7
1,264.3
A
gri
cul
ture
(m
ill
ion kW
h)
11,097.5
10,372.9
11,322.0
11,228.0
11,804.2
11,474.9
11,571.0
9,926.7
10,730.5
9,382.0
9,484.8
M
uni
ci
pa
l c
ons
um
pt
ion a
nd c
ons
truc
tion (m
ill
ion kW
h)
10,140.4
10,790.1
9,680.0
9,742.5
9,039.5
8,703.1
8,968.2
9,588.8
11,313.3
14,263.2
14,479.9
Ene
rg
y i
nt
ens
ity
T
PE
S/
G
D
P (P
PP
) (t
oe
/thous
and U
S$ (2000) P
PP
)
Ene
rg
y p
roduc
tivi
ty
G
D
P (P
PP
)/T
PE
S (t
hous
and U
S$ (2000) P
PP
/toe
)
T
PE
S/
Pop
ul
at
ion (t
oe
p
er c
ap
ita
)

 
 
179 
 
 
Tr
an
s
p
or
tati
on
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
N
um
be
r of t
ra
ns
p
ort
a
cc
ide
nt
s (l
and, a
ir a
nd m
ari
ti
m
e)
In w
hi
c
h
 - D
ie
d
 - Inj
ure
d
Si
ze
a
nd c
om
p
os
it
ion of m
ot
or ve
hi
cl
e fl
ee
t (1,000)
F
re
ig
ht
ve
hi
cl
e fl
ee
t (1,000)
 - T
ruc
ks
P
as
se
ng
er ve
hi
cl
e fl
ee
t (1,000)
- Bus
es
(i
nc
ludi
ng
p
as
se
ng
er va
ns
)
 - Ca
rs
P
as
se
ng
er t
ra
ns
p
ort
at
ion (m
ill
ion p
as
se
ng
er)
4,652.4
5,264.7
F
re
ig
ht
t
ra
ns
p
ort
at
ion (m
ill
ion t
on)
879.3
965.9
W
a
s
te
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
G
e
ne
ra
ti
on of w
a
s
te
T
ot
al
w
as
te
g
ene
ra
ti
on (t
ons
)
- H
az
ardous
w
as
te
(i
f a
va
ila
bl
e, by
c
la
ss
of ha
za
rd) (t
ons
)
T
ot
al
: (t
on/
y
ea
r)
26,438.9
26,985.1
14,446.7
27,710.3
31,365.3
33,107.4
35,727.5
40,318.3
38,571.4
40,260.4
1s
t c
la
ss
(t
on/
y
ea
r)
0.3
0.2
0.2
1.7
1.1
4.9
1.5
0.2
0.1
1.2
1.4
2nd c
la
ss
(t
on/
y
ea
r)
6.0
5.2
5.7
5.7
8.5
7.6
2.8
4.1
3.5
9.9
7.3
3rd c
la
ss
(t
on/
y
ea
r)
667.8
706.7
371.9
693.8
689.6
806.2
1,416.3
6,871.9
6,875.3
37,633.1
39,923.8
4t
h c
la
ss
(t
on/
y
ea
r)
25,764.7
26,272.9
14,068.9
27,009.1
30,666.2
32,288.7
34,306.8
33,442.1
35,320.1
2,616.2
2,793.1
- Indus
tri
al
w
as
te
(m
ill
ion t
ons
)
100.0
100.0
- M
uni
ci
p
al
w
as
te
(t
ons
)
D
om
es
ti
c
w
as
te
g
en
er
at
io
n
9,510.0
8,970.0
7,519.0
5,842.0
5,392.0
4,643.5
5,189.7
3,436.6
4,344.5
3,639.0
4,201.8
- Ra
di
oa
ct
ive
(nuc
le
ar) w
as
te
(t
ons
)
T
ra
ns
bounda
ry
m
ove
m
ent
s of ha
za
rdous
w
as
te
(t
ons
)
W
as
te
int
ens
it
y
(t
ot
al
w
as
te
g
ene
ra
te
d p
er uni
t of G
D
P
) (t
ons
/1,000
N
a
ti
ona
l c
urre
nc
y
 uni
ts
)
W
as
te
re
cy
cl
ing
a
nd re
us
e (m
ill
ion t
ons
)
20.0
20.0
H
e
al
th
 an
d
 D
e
mogr
ap
h
y
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
D
ri
nki
ng
w
at
er qua
lit
y
- S
am
p
le
s fa
ili
ng
t
he
s
ta
nda
rds
on s
ani
ta
ry
-c
he
m
ic
al
indi
ca
tors
(%)
24.8
19.1
16.6
19.4
16.3
15.9
16.3
18.9
11.7
15.9
15.8
- S
am
p
le
s fa
ili
ng
t
he
s
ta
nda
rds
on m
ic
robi
ol
og
ic
al
indi
ca
tors
(%)
7.4
7.6
6.1
6.5
5.1
5.2
5.5
6.0
7.5
6.3
7.2
P
op
ul
at
ion w
it
h a
cc
es
s t
o s
afe
dri
nki
ng
w
at
er (%)
P
op
ul
at
ion w
it
h a
cc
es
s t
o i
m
p
rove
d s
ani
ta
ti
on (%)
Inc
ide
nc
e of t
y
p
hoi
d, p
ara
ty
p
hoi
d i
nfe
ct
ions
(p
er 100,000 p
op
ul
at
ion)
ty
p
hoi
d
1.1
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
p
a
ra
ty
p
hoi
d 
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.07
0.09
0.06
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.05
Sa
lm
one
lla
infe
ct
ions
(p
er 100,000 p
op
ul
at
ion)
8.7
7.1
5.9
5.0
5.6
4.9
4.6
5.5
6.1
6.2
5.0
T
ube
rc
ul
os
is
inc
ide
nc
e ra
te
(p
er 100,000 p
op
ul
at
ion)
50.0
53.1
55.6
65.2
69.7
68.5
68.2
68.2
62.6
59.5
57.5
inc
ludi
ng
w
it
h BK
+
13.5
13.9
14.3
13.6
17.9
18.4
19.9
21.3
22.1
20.2
19.2
V
ira
l he
p
at
it
is
inc
ide
nc
e ra
te
(p
er 100,000 p
op
ul
at
ion)
236.3
157.4
233.0
158.9
131.3
114.9
145.9
115.8
112.9
125.3
117.5
vi
ra
l he
p
a
ti
ti
s
 t
y
p
e
 A
206.4
126.3
200.0
133.6
111.5
99.9
132.2
105.0
104.0
118.7
113.2
vi
ra
l he
p
a
ti
ti
s
 t
y
p
e
 B
99.9
27.6
29.4
23.2
18.5
13.7
11.6
8.8
7.3
5.1
3.4
H
ea
lt
h e
xp
endi
ture
(% of G
D
P
)
Bi
rt
h ra
te
(p
er 1000)
20.9
22.4
T
o
ta
l 
fe
rt
il
it
y
 r
a
te
M
ort
al
it
y
ra
te
(p
er 1000)
5.3
5.2
Infa
nt
m
ort
al
it
y
ra
te
(de
at
hs
/1000 l
ive
bi
rt
hs
)
18.9
18.3
16.7
16.4
15.4
14.5
15.7
F
em
al
e
lif
e
ex
p
ec
ta
nc
y
a
t
bi
rt
h
(y
ea
rs
)

180 
 
 
 
H
e
al
th
 an
d
 D
e
mogr
ap
h
y
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
M
al
e
lif
e
ex
pe
ct
an
cy
a
t b
irt
h
(y
ea
rs
)
Li
fe
e
xp
ec
ta
nc
y
at
b
irt
h
(y
ea
rs
)
70.5
Pop
ul
at
ion a
ge
d 0-14 y
ea
rs
(%)
Pop
ul
at
ion a
ge
d 65 or ove
r (%)
A
ge
ing
inde
x (num
be
r of p
ers
ons
65 y
ea
rs
or ove
r p
er hundre
d p
ers
ons
unde
r a
ge
of 15)
T
ot
al
p
op
ul
at
ion (m
ill
ion i
nha
bi
ta
nt
s)
24.1
24.4
24.7
25.1
25.4
25.7
26.0
26.17
26.31
27.1
- % c
ha
ng
e (a
nnua
l)
1.5
- P
op
ul
at
ion de
ns
ity
(i
nha
bi
ta
nt
s/
km
2
)
S
oc
io e
con
omi
c i
ss
u
e
s
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
G
D
P
- c
ha
ng
e (1990=
100)
- c
ha
ng
e ove
r p
re
vi
ous
y
ea
r (%)
104.2
107.2
107.0
107.5
109.5
109.0
- i
n c
urre
nt
p
ric
es
(bi
lli
on N
at
iona
l c
urre
nc
y)
9,844.0
12,261.0
15,923.4
21,124.9
28,190.0
36,919.4
- i
n c
urre
nt
p
ric
es
(m
ill
ion U
S$)
14,300.0
17,300.0
22,300.0
27,900.0
- p
er c
ap
ita
(U
S$)
544.7
651.9
827.4
1,018.5
-
pe
r c
ap
ita
(U
S$
P
PP
p
er
c
ap
ita
)
Indus
tri
al
out
put
(a
nnua
l 1990=
100)
Indus
tri
al
out
put
(% c
ha
ng
e ove
r p
re
vi
ous
y
ea
r)
106.0
109.4
102.7
110.8
112.5
112.7
A
gri
cul
tura
l out
put
(% c
ha
ng
e ove
r p
re
vi
ous
y
ea
r)
107.3
108.9
105.4
106.7
106.1
104.5
Sha
re
of a
gri
cul
ture
in G
D
P (%)
La
bour p
roduc
tivi
ty
in i
ndus
try
(% c
ha
ng
e ove
r p
re
vi
ous
y
ea
r)
Cons
um
er p
ric
e i
nde
x (CP
I) (% c
ha
ng
e ove
r t
he
p
re
ce
di
ng
y
ea
r, a
nnua
l
av
er
ag
e)
3.7
7.8
6.8
6.8
Produc
er p
ric
e i
nde
x (P
PI) (% c
ha
ng
e ove
r t
he
p
re
ce
di
ng
y
ea
r, a
nnua
l
av
er
ag
e)
126.5
128.1
124.0
110.9
Re
gi
st
ere
d une
m
pl
oy
m
ent
(% of l
abour forc
e, e
nd of p
eri
od)
La
bour forc
e p
art
ic
ip
at
ion ra
te
(% of 15-64 y
ea
r-ol
d)
Em
pl
oy
m
ent
in a
gri
cul
ture
(%)
Curre
nt
 a
cc
ount
 ba
la
nc
e  
- T
ot
al
(m
ill
ion U
S$)
- (a
s % of G
D
P)
Ba
la
nc
e of t
ra
de
in g
oods
a
nd s
ervi
ce
s (m
ill
ion U
S$)
N
et
fore
ig
n di
re
ct
inve
st
m
ent
(F
D
I) (m
ill
ion U
S$)
N
et
fore
ig
n di
re
ct
inve
st
m
ent
(F
D
I) (a
s % of G
D
P)
Cum
ul
at
ive
F
D
I (m
ill
ion U
S$)
Fore
ig
n e
xc
ha
ng
e re
se
rve
s
- T
ot
al
re
se
rve
s (m
ill
ion U
S$)
 - T
ot
al
 re
se
rve
s a
s m
ont
hs
 of i
m
p
ort
s
Ex
port
s of g
oods
(m
ill
ion U
S$)
3,725.0
4,853.0
5,408.8
6,389.8
8,991.5
11,493.3
Im
port
s of g
oods
(m
ill
ion U
S$)
2,964.2
3,816.0
4,091.3
4,781.6
6,728.1
9,704.0
N
et
e
xt
erna
l de
bt
(m
ill
ion U
S$)
Ra
tio of ne
t de
bt
to e
xp
ort
s (%)
Ra
tio of ne
t de
bt
to G
D
P (%)
Ex
cha
ng
e ra
te
, a
nnua
l a
ve
ra
ge
s (N
at
iona
l c
urre
nc
y uni
t/U
S$)

 
 
181