Some evident factors affecting listening comprehension as insufficient vocabulary and grammar
knowledge were studied by Vandergrift&Baker [3]. Bang&Hiver [19] state that vocabulary and
grammar knowledge are crucial for comprehending listening, while syntactic process was more
successful for native speakers in listening comprehension which was determined by Andriga et al.
[20], all three components (vocabulary, grammar and syntax) were studied by Oh [21] who came to
conclusion that all of them are equally responsible for listening comprehension in approximately 33%
of the studied cases. We will not underestimate the role of linguistic factors, however, there are other
factors that are mentioned in the literature and they might also be significant in listening.
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