Famous people of Uzbekistan Plan: Abu Arrayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al Biruni Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa Al Khwarizmi

Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa Al - Khwarizmi
Born: about 780 in Khwarazm (now Kharazm province in Uzbekistan.)

Al'Khwarizmi was an Islamic mathematician who wrote on Hindu - Arabic numerals andwas among the first to use zero as a place holder in positional base notation. The word algorithm derives from his name. His algebra treatise Hisab al - jabr w'al -muqabala gives us the wordalgebra and can be considered as the first book to be written on algebra.

We know few details of Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa al - Khwarizmi's life. One unfortunate effect of this lack of knowledge seems to be the temptation to make guesses based on very little evidence. But the name al - Khwarizmi may indicate that he came from Khwarizm south of the Aral Sea in Central Asia. The algebra treatise Hisab al - jabr w'al - muqabala was the most famous and important of all of al - Khwarizmi's works. It is the title of this text that gives us the word "algebra" and it is the first book to be written on algebra. The book was the written in Baghdad, where al - Khwarizmi worked under the patronage of Caliph Al - Mamun and he dedicated two of his texts to the Caliph. Al - Mamun was a great patron of learning and founded an academy called the House of Wisdom where Greek philosophical and scientific works were translated. He also built up a library of manuscripts, the first major library to be set up since that at Alexandria, collecting important works from Byzantium. In addition to the House of Wisdom, al - Mamun set up observatories in which Muslim astronomers could build on the knowledge acquired by earlier peoples. Al - Khwarizmi and his colleagues the Banu Musa were scholars at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. Their tasks there involved the translation of Greekscientific manuscripts and they also studied, and wrote on, algebra, geometryand astronomy. These were his treatise on algebra and his treatise on astronomy.
Al-Ferghani

Abul Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ferghani Kazir (798-861) – was an outstanding Central Asian astronomer, mathematician and geographer. Biographical information about the famous scientist almost was not saved, but, judging by his nickname, he was a native of Ferghana.

It is well known that during his average age al-Ferghani lived in Baghdad, working in the famous "House of Wisdom", which was based by ruler of al-Ma'mun. It was a sort of Academy of Sciences, where at that time from all parts of Central Asia prominent scholars and scientists were invited. For example, except of al-Ferghani a galaxy of great names who worked at the Academy at the time can continue: astronomer and mathematician al-Khorezmi, a physicist, called Yusuf ibn Iskhaq (al-Kindi), medics Abu-Resi as well as Hunayin ibn Iskhaq.
Al-Ma’mun Academy was a refuge of all branches of science, but astronomy was considered to be of particular importance here, which was a popular in the Middle Ages. Two observatories In Bagdabe were built, equipped with the best, at the time, tools, which allowed scientists to observe the stars and do math. A group of talented astronomers: Yahya bin Abu Mansur, Abdalmalik al-Merverrudi, Habash al-Mervezi as well as Ahmad al-Fergani, led by the head of the "House of Wisdom", a remarkable mathematician and astronomer - Al-Khorezmi, during long years of hard work made an incredible number of discoveries, were able to calculate the magnitude of the Earth meridian, to calculate the circumference of the Earth, to based up zijdi (Table of a starry sky) that contained the exact coordinates and a description of thousands of celestial bodies.