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The content teacher 
A content teacher is someone who teaches a subject — for example, music, 
mathematics, history or biology. However, using CLIL as an approach is more than 
just switching to English to teach another subject. Content teachers are not 
normally experts in language acquisition or pedagogy. Therefore, to teach their 
subjects, content teachers usually require some amount of training and might also 
use both their students’ native language and English, a technique known as trans 
language. They also depend on the support of the language teacher. 
The language teacher 
The language teacher is primarily responsible for teaching English (or another 
language), but in CLIL methodology, he or she also supports the content teacher 
by introducing relevant vocabulary and functional language related to a given 
subject (history or biology, for example) and by emphasizing critical thinking. 
As an example, think of an class integrated with biology or nature. The content 
teacher explains, for example, the water cycle through pictures, demonstrations, 
English, and if necessary, the students’ first language (or L1). In tandem, the 
English teacher might cover language for explaining sequences and 
processes (first, next, then, after that), language for cause and effect (because of, 
due to, results in), and word forms (vapor, evaporate, evaporation). 
Coordination/Integration of the two 
On the institutional level, a successful CLIL program needs a cooperative 
organizational structure, which means there has to be a way for the content teacher 
and the language teacher to work with each other, such as a set place and time to 
meet and coordinate lessons. 


This is helped by a supportive school administration that is willing to provide 
comprehensive CLIL training, appropriate materials, adequate funding, and time. 
Finally, the program will depend on willing students and parents who 
understand the program’s methods and goals. Students might need to work in new 
and unfamiliar ways, so it’s important that they and their families trust the teachers 
and the program. 

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