Farmonova dildora ashurovna

board [bold] - blackboard ["blaekbod], man [mam] - postman ["paostman] 
. 
These modifications are observed both within words and at word 
boundaries. [24, p. 71-72] 
4. Modifications of consonants in connected speech.
4.1 Assimilation affecting the place of articulation. 
Assimilation takes place when a sound changes its character in order 
to become more like a neighbouring sound.
The characteristic which can vary in this way is nearly always the 
place of articulation, and the sounds concerned are commonly those which 
involve a complete closure at some point in the mouth that is plosives and 
nasals which may be illustrated as follows: , 
a. The alveolar [t], [d], followed by the interdental [∂], [θ ] sounds, 
become dental (partial regressive assimilation - when the influence goes
backwards from a "later" sound to an "earlier" one), e.g. breadth 
[bredG], said that [sed 6aet], read this [ri:d 6is]; 
b. The alveolar [t], [d] under the influence of the post-alveolar 
[r] 
become post-alveolar (partial regressive assimilation), e.g. tree [tri:], 
trip [trip], true [tru:], trunk [trAnk], dry [drai], dream [drilm], the 
third 
room [∂ǝ θǝ:d_ru:m] ; 
c. The alveolar [t], [d] assimilate with a following palatal [j] and 
become affricates [|f], [ф] (incomplete regressive assimilation), e.g. 
graduate ["graueit], congratulate [kan"grætuleit], did you ["didu:], could 
you ["kudu:]; 

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50 
d. The alveolar [s], [z] before palato-alveolar become palato- 
alveolar (complete regressive assimilation), e.g. horse-shoe ["hos:ʃu:], 
e. The bilabial [m] before the labio-dental [f] becomes labio-dental 
(partial regressive assimilation), e.g. symphony ["simfani], triumph ["triumf], 
comfort ["kAmfǝt], come for me [кAm fo: mi]; 
f. The alveolar [n] becomes dental, before the interdental [∂] (partial : 
regressive assimilation), e.g. seventh ["sevan θ ], on the desk [on ∂ǝ desk]; 
g. The alveolar [n] becomes velar before the velar [k], e.g. thank [θænk], 
congress ["kongres] . [25, 385] 
The sounds commonly changing their place of articulation are alveolar stops. 
4.2 Assimilation affecting the manner of articulation. 
The manner of articulation is also changed as a result of assimilation, which 
may be illustrated as follows: 
a. Loss of plosion. In the sequence of two plosive consonants the former 
loses its plosion: glad to see you [qlæd tu si: yu:], great trouble [greit trAbl], and 
old clock [ould klok] (partial regressive assimilations). 
b. Nasal plosion. In the sequence of a plosive followed by a nasal sonorant 
the manner of articulation of the plosive sound and the work of the soft palate 
are involved, which results in the nasal character of plosion release (partial 
regressive assimilations): sudden ["sAdn], not now [not nav], at night [at nait], 
let me see [let mi si:]. 
c. Lateral plosion. In the sequence of a plosive followed by the lateral 
sonorant [1] the noise production of the plosive stop is changed into that of the 
lateral stop (partial regressive assimilations): settle ["setl], table ["teibl], at last 
[at la:st]. It is obvious that in each of the occasions one characteristic feature of 
the phoneme is lost. [32, 71-72] 
4.3 Assimilation affecting the work of the vocal cords. 
The voicing value of a consonant may also change through assimilation. 
This type of assimilation affects the work of the vocal cords and the force of 

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51 
articulation. In particular voiced lenis sounds become voiceless Fortis when 
followed by another voiceless sound. 
a. A voiceless consonant may be replaced by a voiced one under the j 
influence of the adjacent voiced consonant, e.g. the voiceless [s] in i goose [gu:z] 
is replaced by the voiced [z] in the compound noun • gooseberry ["guzberi] 
under the influence of the voiced [b]. 
b. A voiced consonant may be replaced by a voiceless one under the 
influence of the adjacent voiceless consonant, e.g. the voiced [z] in news [nju:z] 
is replaced by the voiceless consonant [s] in the compound noun newspaper 
["nyus: peipǝ] under the influence of the voiceless [p]. [32, 71] 
In casual informal speech voicing assimilation is often met; e.g. have to