22
or,
𝜕𝑢
𝜕𝑥
+
𝜕𝑣
𝜕𝑦
+
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑧
= 0
Eq (3.3)
where velocity components of
u are
u, v, and
w.
3.2.1.2 Momentum equation
Newton's second law states that the sum of forces acting on fluid particles
equals the rate of
change of momentum. Surface forces can be separated into independent terms and body forces
can be separated as source term. [59]. The momentum equations in three directions can then be
obtained by expressing the stresses as pressures on a control volume. As a result, the x, y, and z
components of the momentum equation equal:
𝜕(𝜌𝑢)
𝜕𝑡
+ div(ρu𝐮) =
𝜕(−𝑝 + 𝜁
𝑥𝑥
)
𝜕𝑥
+
𝜕𝜁
𝑦𝑥
𝜕𝑦
+
𝜕𝜁
𝑧𝑥
𝜕𝑧
+ 𝑆
𝑀𝑥
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