Global problems content

2. Problems of interaction between society and nature (ecological and social). First of all, these are: prevention of catastrophic environmental pollution; providing humanity with the necessary natural resources; exploration of the oceans and outer space.
3. Problems of relations between people and society (socio-cultural). The main ones are: the problem of population growth; the problem of protecting and promoting human health; problems of education and cultural growth.
All these problems are generated by the disunity of mankind, the unevenness of its development. The conscious principle has not yet become the most important prerequisite for humanity as a whole. The negative results and consequences of uncoordinated, ill-conceived actions of countries, peoples, individuals, accumulating on a global scale, have become a powerful objective factor in world economic and social development. They have an increasingly significant impact on the development of individual countries and regions. Their solution involves combining the efforts of a large number of states and organizations at the international level. In order to have a clear idea of the strategy and methodology for solving global problems, it is necessary to dwell on the characteristics of at least the most pressing of them
2. Ecological and social problems

The essence of this range of global problems lies in the violation of the balance of biospheric processes, which is dangerous for the existence of mankind. In the twentieth century, technological civilization came into threatening conflict with the biosphere, which for billions of years was formed as a system that ensured the continuity of life and the optimality of the environment. Without solving social problems for the majority of humanity, the technogenic development of civilization has led to the destruction of the habitat. The ecological and social crisis has become a reality of the twentieth century.

The ecological crisis is the main challenge of civilization
It is known that life on Earth exists in the form of cycles of organic matter based on the interaction of the processes of synthesis and destruction. Each type of organism is a link in the cycle, the process of reproduction of organic matter. The synthesis function in this process is performed by green plants. The function of destruction is microorganisms. At the first stages of its history, man was a natural link in the biosphere and biotic circulation. The changes he made to nature did not have a decisive impact on the biosphere. Today, man has become the largest planetary force. Suffice it to say that annually about 10 billion tons of minerals are extracted from the bowels of the Earth, 3-4 billion tons of plant mass are consumed, and about 10 billion tons of industrial carbon dioxide are emitted into the atmosphere. More than 5 million tons of oil and petroleum products are discharged into the oceans and rivers. The problem of drinking water is getting worse every day. The airy atmosphere of a modern industrial city is a mixture of smoke, poisonous fumes and dust. Many species of animals and plants are disappearing. The great equilibrium of nature has been disturbed to such an extent that a gloomy forecast of "ecological suicide of mankind" has appeared.
Voices are growing louder and louder about the need to abandon all industrial interference in the natural equilibrium, to stop technical progress. However, to solve the ecological problem by throwing humanity back to a medieval state is a utopia. And not only because people will not give up the achievements of technological progress. But, on the other hand, many in the world of science and politicians still rely on an artificial mechanism for regulating the environment in the event of a deep destruction of the biosphere. Therefore, science is faced with the task of finding out whether this is real or is it a myth generated by the "Promethean" spirit of modern civilization?
Satisfying mass consumer demand is recognized as the most important factor in internal socio-political stability. And this is put by influential political and economic elites above global environmental security.
Unfortunately, a biospheric catastrophe is quite possible. Therefore, an honest awareness of the scale of the environmental threat and intellectual fearlessness in the face of this challenge to humanity is necessary. The fact is that changes in the biosphere, including catastrophic ones, have occurred and will occur independently of man, so we should not talk about complete obedience to nature, but about the harmonization of natural and social processes on the basis of humanization of scientific and technological progress and a radical reorganization of the entire system of social relations.