Lecture No 1-2 Topic: Comparative Linguistics: subject matter, types, tasks, approaches

 
. The main causes of Comparative Linguistics emergence 
 
Classification of Comparative Linguistics. 
Comparative Linguistics may be classified according to the following criteria: 

According to the object of comparison it consists of genetic typology, areal typology, 
comparative typology, structural typology (typological theory, typological 
classification, ethalon language, language universals). 

According to the levels of language hierarchy Comparative Linguistics consists of 
phonetic typology, phonological typology, morphological typology, syntactic 
typology, lexical typology. 

According to two plans of language it consists of formal typology and semantic 
typology. 
 
Typological imitation 
Finding new universal 
methods 
Process of compiling 
dictionaries 
Comparative-
historical 
method 
Causes of appearing Comparative 
Linguistics 
Development of 
translation 
Process of studying 
unstudied
 
languages 
Learning foreign 
languages theoretically 
and practically 

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Professor D.J.Buranov’s [1983] classification: 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Formal typology Genetic typology Phonetic ;
Semantic typology  Areal typology; Phonological 
Comparative typology; Morphological
Syntactic
Stuctural typology: Lexical
-  
 
 
 
typological theory language universals 
 
 
typological classification ethalon language