Theme: the verb. MORPHOLOGICAL AND SYNTACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF the verb. Grammatical categories
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LECTURE 7
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Active Voice Passive Voice
- Category of aspect
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Category of Mood
Mood is a grammatical category of the verb which express the speakers attitude towards the action 1) indicative 2) imperetive 3) subjunctive (1) 4) subjunctive (2) 5) conditional 6) suppositional one (subjunctive) Category of voice 1) active; 2) passive; 3) reflexive (self): He cut himself while shaving. Definition: Voice is a category of the verb which denotes whether the subject acts or is acted upon or whether the object is acted upon. So this is a category which expresses the relation of the verb to the subject and object from the point of view of the performer of the action, whether it is performed by the subject or object they are acted upon. Active: I read the letter. Passive: The letter is read to me I am read the letter. Middle: The letter reads well. The book sells well. The paper burns.
Passive constructions are formed using the PASSIVE AUXILIARY be, and the main verb has an –ed inflection. In active constructions, there is no passive auxiliary, though other auxiliaries may occur: Paul is congratulating David Paul will congratulate David Paul has congratulated David Category of aspect ASPECT refers to how an event or action is to be viewed with respect to time, rather than to its actual location in time. We can illustrate this using the following examples: [1] David fell in love on his eighteenth birthday [2] David has fallen in love [3] David is falling in love The perfective auxiliary is always followed by a main verb in the –ed form, while the progressive auxiliary is followed by a main verb in the –ing form. We exemplify these points in the table below:
Such modal verbs as” must, can, dare, may, might, shall, will, ought, need”, etc. have no category of voice, person, number, aspect, order, mood , but the category of tense(except for “must and ought”, which are invariable. Download 43.5 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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