Final Assessment Questions on “Theoretical phonetics” Card-1 Connection of Phonetics with Other Sciences

Card-11
1.American English Pronunciation
Is the variety of English used in the USA.

1. 
   Historical Americanism
   

-fall – ‘autumn’
-to guess – ‘ to think’
-sick – ‘ill, unwell’ This old meanings still used in America.
B) Proper Americanism were not discovered in British vocabulary:
- redbud – ‘ an American tree with pink flowers’
- blue-grass – ‘ a sort of grass peculiar to North America’
C) Specifically American borrowings reflect the historical contacts of the Americans with other nations on the American continent:
- ranch, sombrero (Spanish borrowings)
- Toboggon, caribou (Indian borrowings)
D) American shortenings
Dorm – dormitory
Mo- moment
Cert- certainly
2.The Articulatory Classification of English consonants.
On the articulatory level the consonants change:
-In the degree of noise.
-In the manner of articulation.
-In the place of articulation.
1. THE DEGREE OF NOISE. According to the degree of noise English consonants are divided into two big classes:
Class A. Noise consonants.
Voiceless consonants are: [p]‚ [t]‚ [k]‚ [f]‚ [s]‚ [∫]‚ [Ө]‚ [ʧ]‚ [h].
Class B. Sonorants.
Sonorants (or sonorous consonants) are made with tone prevailing over noise because of a rather wide air passage. They are: [m]‚ [n]‚ [ŋ]‚ [l]‚ [r]‚ [w]‚ [j].
2. THE MANNER OF ARTICULATION consonants may be of four groups:Occlusive./Constrictive./Occlusive-constrictive
3. THE PLACE OF ARTICULATION // Labial./Lingual./Glottal.


Card-12
1.Consonant Phonemes and its Articulatory Correlates.
We classify consonants along three major dimensions: place of articulation. manner of articulation. voicing.