"Frontmatter". In: Plant Genomics and Proteomics
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Christopher A. Cullis - Plant Genomics and Proteomics-J. Wiley & Sons (2004)
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UMMARY Evidence from industrial and developing countries show that current GM crops, in conjunction with conventional agricultural practices, can contribute S U M M A R Y 1 9 7 to a cost-effective, sustainable, productive, and sufficiently safe form of agri- culture (Conner et al., 2003). The likely impacts that have been identified with GM crops are similar to those of new cultivars that have been derived from traditional breeding. Therefore, the appropriate yardstick with which to evaluate the risks of GM crops may be the risks that could arise from any new variety. As the understanding of the processes that are used to develop GM crops increases and the information concerning the safety and efficacy of GM crops becomes more widely available, it is likely that the public acceptance of these crops will also increase. In addition, a wider range of modifications in the available GM material, especially with respect to direct customer benefit, is an important aspect for the wider acceptance of GM foods. However, as many of the important traits that need to be modified, especially of crops in the developing world, are more complex and less well understood than those products already in production, substantial delay in the introduction of such material is likely to occur. R EFERENCES Baline, K., S. Kamaldeen, and D. Powell (2002) Public perceptions of biotechnology. J. Food Sci. 67, 3200–3208. Brown, J. L., and Y. Ping (2003) Consumer perception of risk associated with eating genetically engineered soybeans is less in the presence of a perceived consumer benefit. J. Am. Dietetic Assoc. 103, 208–214. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety at http://www.biodiv.org/biosafety/). Conner, A., T. Glare, and J.-P. Nap (2003) The release of genetically modified crops into the environment: Overview of ecological risk assessment. Plant J. 33, 1–18. James, C. (2002) Global Review of Commercialized Transgenic Crops: 2001(Feature: Bt Cotton). ISAAA Briefs No. 26. Ithaca, NY: ISAAA. Kinderlerer J. Regulation of Biotechnology: Needs and Burdens for Developing Countries http://www.unep.ch/biosafety/BTregulationJK.pdf. Losey, J. E., L. S. Rayor, and M. E. Carter (1999). Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae. Nature 399, 214. Nielsen, K. M. (2003) Transgenic organisms—Time for conceptual diversification? Nat. Biotechnol. 21, 227–228. Pardey P. G. and Ko (eds) (2003) Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Policies. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. Shelton, A. M., and M. K. Sears (2001) The monarch butterfly controversy: Scientific interpretations of a phenomenon. Plant J. 27, 483–488. Stanley-Horn, D. E., G. P. Dively, R. L. Hellmich, H. R. Mattila, M. K. Sears, R. Rose, L. C. H. Jesse, J. E. Losey, J. J. Obrycki, and L. C. Lewis (2001). Assessing the impact of Cry1Ab-expressing corn pollen on monarch butterfly larvae in field studies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 11931–11936. 1 9 8 10. B I O E T H I C A L C O N C E R N S A N D T H E F U T U R E O F P L A N T G E N O M I C S Strauss, S. H. (2003) Genomics, genetic engineering, and domestication of crops. Science 300, 61–62. Wraight, C. L., A. R. Zangerl, M. J. Carroll, and M. R. Berenbaum (2000). Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis pollen to black swallowtails under field condi- tions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 7700–7703. Zangerl, A. R., D. McKenna, C. L. Wraight, M. Carroll, P. Ficarello, R. Warner, and M. R. Berenbaum (2001). Effects of exposure to event 176 Bacillus thuringiensis corn pollen on monarch and black swallowtail caterpillars under field condi- tions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 11908–11912. R E F E R E N C E S 1 9 9 |
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