Geographical types of languages; Language situation

QUESTIONS

1. 
   Geographical types of languages;
   
2. 
   Language situation. Language Policy. Tendencies of a language development;
   
3. 
   Causes of language evolution;
   
4. 
   Old English was a synthetic language. The nature of the Old English inflections;
   
5. 
   External and Internal Change;
   
6. 
   Classification of Old Germanic tribes;
   
7. 
   Comparative classification of Old Germanic tribes and Old Germanic languages;
   
8. 
   The Germanic Conquest;
   
9. 
   The Periods in the History of English;
   
10. 
    The Dialects of Old English;
    
11. 
    The Origin and Position of English;
    
12. 
    Phonetic features of consonants in Old Germanic languages;
    
13. 
    First Consonant Shift. The importance of Jacob Grimm’s Law;
    
14. 
    Exceptions of the First Consonant Shift;
    
15. 
    Second Consonant Shift in Old High German;
    
16. 
    Exceptions of the Second Consonant Shift;
    
17. 
    Sonants(Sonorants). Holtsman’s Law;
    
18. 
    Gemination of consonants in the West Germanic languages;
    
19. 
    Loss of consonants in some positions;
    
20. 
    Assibilation of consonants;
    
21. 
    Development of short and long monophthongs, diphthongs. Stressed vowels and unstressed vowels;
    
22. 
    Breaking in Gothic language;
    
23. 
    Breaking in Old English;
    
24. 
    Differences between breaking in Gothic language and Old English;
    
25. 
    Palatal mutation;
    
26. 
    Back mutation;
    
27. 
    Differences between palatal mutation and back mutation;
    
28. 
    Lengthening, Palatalization and Contraction of vowels;
    
29. 
    English lost a great part of inflectional system and became an analytic language;
    
30. 
    The Old English Vocabulary;
    
31. 
    The sources of borrowings;
    
32. 
    Old English Literature;
    
33. 
    Foreign Influences on Old English;
    
34. 
    The Old English morphology;
    
35. 
    The Old English noun;
    
36. 
    The Old English pronoun;
    
37. 
    The Old English adjective;
    
38. 
    The Old English verb;
    
39. 
    The strong verbs in Old English;
    
40. 
    The weak verbs in Old English;