Global problems content

Development of the World Ocean
The problem of the development of the oceans has acquired a global character due to a complex of reasons: 1) a sharp aggravation and transformation into global problems such as the raw materials, energy, food described above, in the solution of which the use of the resource potential of the ocean can and should make a huge contribution; 2) the creation of powerful technical means of management, which determined not only the possibility, but also the need for a comprehensive study and development of marine resources and spaces; 3) the emergence of interstate relations of resource management, production and management in the maritime economy, which turned the declarative thesis of the collective (with the participation of all states) process of ocean development into a political necessity, caused the inevitability of finding a compromise with the participation and satisfaction of the interests of all major groups of countries, regardless of geographical location and level of development; (4) awareness by the overwhelming majority of developing countries of the role that the use of the ocean can play in solving the problems of underdevelopment and accelerating their economic development; 5) transformation into a global environmental problem, the most important element of which is the World Ocean, which absorbs the main part of pollutants.
From the ocean, man has long received food for himself. Therefore, it is very important to study the vital activity of ecological systems in the hydrosphere, to identify the possibility of stimulating their productivity. This, in turn, leads to the need to know very complex and hidden for direct observation and far from being known biological processes in the ocean, the study of which requires close international cooperation.
And in general, there is no other alternative to the division of vast spaces and resources than broad and equal international cooperation in their development.


3. Socio-cultural problems

In this group, the priority is the problem of population. Moreover, it cannot be reduced only to the reproduction of the population and its gender and age composition. We are talking here primarily about the relationship between the processes of reproduction of the population and social methods of production of material goods. If the production of material goods lags behind population growth, then the financial situation of people will worsen. Conversely, if population growth declines, it ultimately leads to an aging population and a reduction in the production of wealth.

The rapid population growth observed at the end of the twentieth century in the countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America is primarily associated with the liberation of these countries from the colonial yoke and their entry into a new stage of economic development. A new "demographic explosion" has exacerbated the problems generated by the spontaneity, unevenness and antagonistic nature of human development. All this resulted in a sharp deterioration in nutrition and public health. To the shame of civilized mankind, more than 500 million people (every tenth) are chronically malnourished every day, lead a half-starved existence, and this is mainly in countries with the most favorable conditions for the development of agricultural production. As the analysis conducted by UNESCO experts shows, the causes of hunger in these countries should be sought in the dominance of monocultures (cotton, coffee, cocoa, bananas, etc.) and the low level of agricultural technology. The vast majority of families engaged in agriculture on all continents of the planet still cultivate the land with the help of a hoe and a plow. Children suffer the most from malnutrition. According to the World Health Organization, 40,000 children under the age of 5 who could have been saved die every day. This amounts to about 15 million people a year.
The problem of education remains an acute global problem. Currently, almost one in four people over the age of 15 is illiterate. The number of illiterates increases annually by 7 million people. The solution to this problem, as well as others, rests on the lack of material resources for the development of the education system, at the same time, as we have already noted, the military-industrial complex absorbs huge resources.
No less burning are the issues that together fix the cultural, religious and moral problems of the globalization process.
The idea of international justice can be declared as the basic principle of coexistence and free development of civilizations and cultures. In the process of globalization of the world, the problem of transferring the principles of democracy as a tool for coordinating interests and organizing cooperation to relations between countries, peoples and civilizations is becoming urgent.