Grammar book for teaching
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Grammar book for teaching materials
BUTHe said, “When I saw them they were playing tennis”. = He said when he saw them they were playing tennis. (They were playing when he said). She said, “I decided not to buy the house because it was on the main road”, = She said she had decided not buy the house because it was on the main road. (It was still on the main road at the main time of reporting). Кучирма гаплар вакт эргаш гапли кушма гапдан иборат булса, эргаш гапдаги утган замондаги кесим узгармайди. Бош гапларнинг кесими эса Past Perfect га утиши ёки узгаришсиз колиши мумкин. He said, “When were living / lived in Paris we often saw Paul”. = He said when they were living / lived in Paris they often saw/had seen Paul. Bill said, “Before I reached the door, she quickly closed it”. = Bill said she had closed the door before he reached the door.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN INDIRECT SPEECH Type 1 – одатий коидалар буйича узлаштирма гаплар хосил килинади: He said, “If I catch the plane I’ll be home by five” = He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five. The mentor said, “She might be more amenable if you explain the idea to her” = The mentor said that she might be more amenable if you explain the idea to her.
ype 2 Type 3
Type 2 “If my children were older, I would emigrate”, he said. = He said that, if children were older he would emigrate. (no change) “If I had a permit, I could get a job”, he said. = He said if he had a permit he could get a job. “If he got worse I would take him to the doctor’s”, she said. = She said if he got worse she would take him to the doctor’s. Type 3
“If she had loved Tom”, he said, “she wouldn’t have left him” = He said that if she had loved Tom, she wouldn’t have left him. Tom said, “If I had had time, I would have gone to see Graham”. = Tom said if he had had time, he would have gone to see Graham”. E. WISH, WOULD RATHER, IT IS TIME…, HAD BETTER wish
would rather + Unreal Past (Simple/ Continuous) no change in tense it is time… “We wish we didn’t have to take exams”, said the children. = The children said that they wished they didn’t have to take exams. “I wish I were a bit taller”, said Peter. = Peter said he wished he were a bit taller. “Bill wants to go alone”, said Ann, “but I’d rather he went with a group”. = Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but she would rather he went with a group. “I would rather you didn’t mention dieting”, said Jobirhon. = Jobirhon said he would rather I didn’t mention dieting. “It’s time we began planning our holidays”, he said. = He said it was time they began planning their holidays.
“The children had better go to bed early”, said Tom. = Tom said that the children had better go to bed early. “We had better act quickly”, said Ahadhon aka. Ahadhon aka said that we had better act quickly. had better катнашган гапларни advise sb to do тарзида хам узлаштириш мумкин. “You had better not drink the water”, she said. = She said we had better not drink the water. / She advised us not to drink the water. F. MIGHT, OUGHT TO, SHOULD, COULD, USED TO, WOULD Ушбу сузлар узлаштирма гапда узгаришсиз колади: He said, “Ann might ring today” = He said that Ann might ring that day. “They ought to / should widen this road”, I said. = I said that they ought to / should widen this road. (advice) I said, “I should be back by six”. = I said I should be back by six. (assumption) He said, “I could do it tomorrow” = He said he could / should be able to do it the next day. “If I had the tools, I could mend it”, he said. = He said that if he had the tools, he could / would be able to mend it. He explained, “I used to live here”. = He explained he used to live there. ought to / should – маслахат мазмунини билдириб келганида, узлаштирма гапда advise sb to do ёки бошка шу мазмундаги сузлар оркали узлаштирма гаплар хосил килиш мумкин: “You ought to / should (/ must) read the instructions”, said Ann. = Ann advised / urged / warned me to read the instructions.
“Bahodir ought not to / shouldn’t give up studying”, said Orif. = Orif said Bahodir ought not to / shouldn’t give up studying. Илтимос, таклиф мазмунидаги кучирма гаплар ask, invite каби мазмундош сузлар ёрдамида узлаштирма гапга угирилади: “You might (polite request) post these letters for me”, she said. = She asked me to post those letters for her. “I would be very grateful if you’d keep me informed”, he said. = He asked me to keep him informed. “Could I speak to the secretary?” , she asked. = She asked to speak to the secretary. “May I see Mr. Jones?” = I asked to see Mr. Jones. (= I asked if I might see Mr. Jones) “Would you like a drink?” Abror asked. = Abror offered me a drink. (= Abror asked if I would like a drink.) “Would you like to have lunch with me?” , Terry said. = Terry invited us to have lunch with him. (= Terry asked if I would like to have lunch with him.)
Вактни билдирувчи сузлар узлаштирма гапда куйидагича узгаришга эга булади: Direct Indirect now then
yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next day / the following day the day after tomorrow in two day’s time next week / year / month etc. the following week / year / month etc. last week / year the previous work/year etc. a year etc. ago a year before/the previous year “I saw her the day before yesterday,” he said = He said he’d seen her two days before. “I am starting the day after tomorrow, mother,” he said. = He told his mother that he was starting in two days’ time. She said, “My father died a year ago”. = She said that her father had died a year before / the previous year. “I’ll do it tomorrow,” he promised. = He promised that he would do it the next day. today – кучирма гапдаги иш харакат бир кунда узлаштирма гапга айлантирилса, вакт ибораси узгармайди: At breakfast this morning he said, “I’ll be very busy today”. At breakfast this morning he said he would be very busy today.
Jack is leaving on Wednesday. (On Monday) Jack said, “I’m leaving the day after tomorrow”. = Jack said he was leaving in two days’ time. (On Tuesday) Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. (On Wednesday) Jack said he was leaving today. Download 0.71 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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