Ground, shafts, underwater, sizeable

1. Fill in the gaps using the words below:  

Cut-and-cover,  hard  rock,  blast,  tunnel  boring  machines,  trench,  immersed  tube tunnel, 

ground, shafts, underwater, sizeable.  

1.  Before building a tunnel it is important to examine the conditions and type of _________ and 

groundwater.  

2.  Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to _________.  

3.  A _________ is excavated with ground support as necessary and the tunnel is constructed in 

it.  

4.  ___________ are the main entrance in and out of the tunnel until the project is completed.  

5.  The world‟s oldest _________ tunnel is the Terelek kaya tьneli under Kızıl River in Turkey.  

6.  Seven _________ will be used to construct the tunnels for SCL project.   

7.  A 1.3km SCL cross-harbour tunnel across Victoria Harbour will be built by using _________.  

8.  _________ is a method of tunnel construction where a trench is excavated and roofed over.  

9.  The first _________ tunnel in soft ground was the Tronquoy tunnel on the St Quentin canal in 

France in 1803.   

10.  Before the advent of tunnel boring machines, drill and _________ was the only economical 

way of excavating long tunnels through hard rock, where digging is not possible.