Group 1-5a-20 Muslimakhon Ismatullaeva

Group 1-5a-20
Muslimakhon Ismatullaeva
23 April y
Lyu Ban as a founder of civil (public) service


Although the term “civil service”, or in another word “public service”, went back to a long history, the main concept originally came from China, then modernized in Britain in 18th century.
Consequently, in this text I am going to write about the Chinese earliest civil servant, and at the same time the emperor Lyu Ban, who was the founder of the dynasty “Han” in 206 BC.
Let’s look at the situation in China at that time. Emperor divided China into 15 parts and 10 kingdoms. The kingdoms had 1587 so-called “prefectures”, and these prefectures also divided into administrative regions. So 9 ministries ruled over these administrative units.
There was also the “system of 9 classes”, which identified the future civil servants and gave them one of these ranks according to their knowledge and abilities. However, almost all candidates for civil service were the children of wealthy and influential people.
That is why this system was changed to the state examination system after the accession of the Sui dynasty to the throne.
So what we know about Lyu Ban? His second nickname was also famous, Szi. Lyu Ban dethroned the Sin Empire and became the first emperor of the Han dynasty after the support of the nation. After this incident, he was given the name Pei Gun. For information, the Han Empire ruled from 206 BC to 220 AD in China, to be precise, more than 400 years.
But there is an interesting fact about Lyu Ban, that even though he immediately became a state official, he treated duties with disdain and drank a lot in debt from the owners of the tavern. However, at that time he met a high official Lyu, who saw in him a special talent for leadership and married his daughter to him(the future Empress Lyu-hou).
Furthermore, Lyu Ban had a rival and enemy, who was called Xiang Yu, and they are often compared even today. The main reason for this is that during the conquest of the throne from the Chu Dynasty, these two were military men of the same rank, but from the opposite sides. In literature, Lyu Ban is portrayed as an arrogant, but at the same time, not cruel, but humane person, and Xiang Yu as cruel but with a gentle soul.
Moreover, Lyu Ban had three trusted councilors, who helped him to make fair and wise decisions, while Xiang Yu was just himself.
It is worth noting that Lyu Ban had the cunning typical of politicians. He achieved many of his victories precisely because of this cunning. Even in the final war directed to get a throne, called “battle of Gaisya” he went to the trick: his troops, approaching the camp of the troops of the kingdom of Chu at night, began to sing the battle songs of the kingdom of Chu by order of their leader. Xiang Yu decided that he had been betrayed and fled, leaving the army, but found himself with a small group surrounded by Han troops and committed suicide.
In conclusion, to be a good civil servant, or a leader, being intelligent or having a wide horizon is not enough. It is also essential to have tricky abilities which refer to well-known politicians.

Public service