Guide To ielts (academic reading)
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Practice Academic ReadingG10
IELTS PRACTICE TASK
Are germs bad? Scientists know that bacteria make humans sick, but research suggests some bacteria may also keep people alive. A The bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is able to live – indeed, thrive – inside the human stomach, which makes it relatively rare because the stomach is so acidic as to be an extremely hostile environment for most bacteria. H. pylori is shaped like a corkscrew and is three microns long – to give a sense of scale, a grain of sand is about three hundred microns long. Research has shown that over 50% of the world's population is infected by H. pylori, making it the most common infection of its kind among human beings. However, it would be a mistake to assume from its diminutive proportions or the fact that it occurs so frequently that the bacteria is a benign presence in the human body. B In the 1980s doctors realised that antibiotic medications could free the body of the bacterium and thus cure various illnesses including gastritis and stomach ulcers. At the time there was complete consensus among scientists that H. pylori did nothing but harm and all steps should be taken to eradicate it. One of those at the forefront of the research was Martin Blaser, professor of microbiology at New York University School of Medicine. Professor Blaser still remembers how certain the academic community was in those days about H. pylori. 'It was bad for us, so the idea was to get it out of our bodies, as fast as we can. I don't know of anyone who said, “We'd better think about the consequences.”' C Professor Blaser's laboratory was ahead of the field and developed the original blood analysis techniques to identify the bacterium, and most of them are commonly in use today. But Professor Blaser has a mind that engages with a number of different intellectual activities; for example, in addition to his medical work, he helped to set up an important magazine of literary criticism in the United States. And perhaps it was this diversity of perspective that first caused him to wonder about H. pylori. In particular, he was curious to know how a bacterium that was as old as humans could survive in the human body if its only role was negative. As a result, Professor Blaser began to examine fresh aspects of the bacterium, such as its molecular make up and behaviour. TASK TYPE 5 Matching Information The Complete Guide To IELTS (ACADEMIC READING) 12 Download 0.53 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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