Guide To ielts (answer key)
part of a wider discipline known as
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Student s Book answer key
part of a wider discipline known as ‘restoration ecology’ ACADEMIC READING (pages 290–297) 1 TRUE Only recently, however, has ‘rammed earth’ as the building material is called, appeared on to the curricula of modern architecture and engineering schools. 2 TRUE ‘It became a poor man’s material and the image is hard to shake off’. 3 NOT GIVEN ‘Rauch has used the material to build a range of structures including a cinema and his own family home in Austria.’ – but we don’t know whether this was encouraged by anyone or not. 4 FALSE What’s more, the ability of earth to moderate humidity and temperature is another advantage 5 TRUE Not everybody accepts that the future lies in rammed earth construction, however. A central concern of sceptics is durability. 6 FALSE Rauch designs for ‘calculated erosion’. Every few layers, he inserts stone blocks into the surface of earth walls 7 NOT GIVEN The writer tells us ‘The longevity of earth buildings in the past was due, in part, to the regular maintenance regimes that were integral to traditional practice.’ But we don’t know what Rauch thinks about this. 8 TRUE The earth is then quite literally rammed into this, layer by layer, either manually or by pneumatic rammers. 9 labour intensive Anna Heringer ... views the labour intensive nature of this form of construction as a bonus 10 community (spirit) Building with earth, you can have a lot of people involved – it’s about community spirit too.’ And those communities have choices. 11 (the) ceilings Rauch is aware of the limits of the material, however. Certain parts of structures, such as the ceilings, aren’t possible in earth 12 contamination He feels that the climatic and environmental qualities of the material are lost with such contamination. 13 recycle Heringer adds that when cement is mixed with earth, ‘You can’t recycle it. 14 E The Whorfian hypothesis has been largely discredited 15 E The fact that we distinguish indigo and violet as separate colours is largely down to Sir Isaac Newton, who named and split up the colours of the rainbow completely arbitrarily. 16 A football teams wearing red were statistically more likely to win than teams in other colours ANSWER KEY The Complete Guide To IELTS (ANSWER KEY) 58 17 C there are apps on the market now, that change your lighting before you go to bed, to get you ready for sleep. 18 C This is the product of billions of years of evolution. ... ‘You've got a much better chance of detecting an object against a background if you have colour vision.’ 19 D ‘I can make you see blue or yellow, depending on what surrounds it,’ he says. 20 B ‘Most other mammals have two, meaning they can only detect green and blue wavelengths.’ 21 B blue pills appeared to be more effective in curing insomnia than orange ones 22 E But in the experiments, the pills used were all placebos – in other words fake pills – there was no pain-killer, there was no stimulant. 23 title as the title ‘Colour psychology and colour therapy: Caveat emptor’ makes clear. 24 marketers meaning of colours has been picked up, of course, by marketers. 25 authoritative The information available is often presented in an authoritative manner, 26 outdated However, evidence is rarely cited and, when it is, it's often in reference to findings that are outdated 27 NO But is there more to the decision than expense and convenience? The answer suggested by numerous studies into the neuroscience and psychology of reading in different formats is emphatically that there is. 28 YES her more negative speculations have been picked up in the media and amplified in far more strident terms 29 NOT GIVEN The figures are quoted, but the writer makes no comment on the findings. 30 NO it is actually doing something far more interesting than telling us which medium is superior. 31 NOT GIVEN The writer talks about the two ideas, and seems to accept them both as valid. 32 NO she found that the electronic devices promoted more deep reading and less active learning. 33 NO Another related, widely replicated finding, is that people read more slowly on screens than from paper. Sara Margolin ... 34 YES it forces the reader to process the text in order, and preserves the organisational structure the author wanted us to follow’. 35 C while straightforward reading encourages them to take in and believe what's on the page in front of them. 36 B Having a device that requires a lot of attention to operate could essentially steal working memory resources,’ 37 B It is equally important not to jump to rash conclusions about either form of reading 38 E She thinks the main reason for this is that the device is small, light and portable, and you can pull it out at odd moments, such as ‘when waiting for the bus to arrive’ 39 C For Margolin, ‘the preference for reading on paper or a screen seems to be just that: a preference.’ 40 A Mangen suggests that we need more longitudinal studies, conducted over decades, before we can figure out which effects of different reading media are due to familiarity or lack of it |
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